Abstract
To evaluate the effect of warm up on energy cost and energy sources of a ballet dance exercise, 12 adolescent talented female dancers performed a ballet exercise (30 s of tours piqués en dedans on pointe) without and following a warm up. Warm up consisted in a light running followed by a period of stretching and two ballet exercises. The overall energy requirement of dance exercise (VO2eq) was obtained by adding the amount of VO2 during exercise above resting (aerobic source or VO2ex) to the VO2 up to the fast component of recovery (anaerobic alactic source or VO2al) and to the energy equivalent of peak blood lactate accumulation (anaerobic lactic source or \({\hbox{VO}_{{\rm 2la}^{-}}}\)) of recovery. VO2eq of exercise preceded by warm up amounted to 37 ± 3 ml kg−1. VO2al represented the higher fraction (50 ± 6%) of VO2eq, the remaining fractions were: 39 ± 5% for VO2ex and 11 ± 3% for \({\hbox{VO}_{{\rm 2la}^{-}}}\) . VO2eq of exercise without warm up amounted to 38 ± 3 ml kg−1. This value was made up of: 26 ± 6% by VO2ex, 56 ± 6% by VO2al and 18 ± 3% by \({\hbox{VO}_{{\rm 2la}^{-}}.}\) Between exercise conditions, significant differences were found in VO2ex (P < 0.01), \({\hbox{VO}_{{\rm 2la}^{-}}}\) (P < 0.01), and VO2al (P < 0.05). The metabolic power requirement, 1.6 times higher than subject’s \({\dot{\hbox{V}}\hbox{O}_{2\max},}\) indicates a very demanding exercise. The anaerobic alactic source was the most utilized. It can be concluded that, when dance exercise was preceded by warm up, the anaerobic sources contribution decreased whereas the aerobic energy source increased.
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Notes
Before its calculation, each point value of \({\dot{\hbox{V}}\hbox{O}_{2}}\) curve expressed as oxygen consumption per minute (ml kg−1 min−1) (Fig. 1a, b) was transformed into a VO2 value that is an averaged amount of oxygen consumption (ml kg−1) during 10 s
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This research has been supported by funds from the Istituto Universitario di Scienze Motorie di Roma (main investigator, C. Baldari).
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Guidetti, L., Emerenziani, G.P., Gallotta, M.C. et al. Effect of warm up on energy cost and energy sources of a ballet dance exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 99, 275–281 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-006-0348-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-006-0348-9