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Cysteine-rich 61 (CYR61) is up-regulated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy

  • Retinal Disorders
  • Published:
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Abstract

Background

To investigate the role of CYR61 as a retinal angiogenic factor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods

Effects of CYR61 on RF/6A cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis were observed by MTT assay, Transwell assay, and tube formation assay. The expression and distribution of CYR61 on retina layers of diabetic mouse were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. The expression of Cyr61 mRNA in diabetic mouse retina was evaluated by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Vitreous CYR61 levels of PDR and non-diabetic patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression and distribution of CYR61 on epiretinal membrane of PDR, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and idiopathic epiretinal membrane were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

Results

RF/6A cell proliferation, migration and tube formation capacity increased with increased concentration of CYR61 (p = 0.000). Anti-CYR61 antibody could inhibit cell migration and tube formation promoted by CYR61. In diabetic mouse, CYR61 was expressed in retina layers just as normal mouse, but the staining was stronger than normal in ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer. The Cyr61 mRNA expression in retina of diabetic mouse was more than that in normal mouse (p = 0.009). Vitreous CYR61 level was higher in patients with PDR than non-diabetic patients (p = 0.000). PDR patients with plenty of neovasculature on retina and epiretinal membranes had higher level of vitreous CYR61 than patients with little neovasculature (p = 0.001). CYR61 expressed in the cytoplasm of epiretinal membranes in PDR, especially in the wall cells of the tube-like structure.

Conclusions

CYR61 are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, and may play a role in the course of neovasculation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China

    Xiao Zhang, Weihong Yu & Fangtian Dong

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  1. Xiao Zhang
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  2. Weihong Yu
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  3. Fangtian Dong
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Correspondence to Fangtian Dong.

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The authors have full control of all primary data, and agree to allow Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology to review the data upon request.

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ESM 1

Immunohistochemistry staining of CYR61 in epiretinal membranes (scale: 50 μm). A. epiretinal membrane of PDR, CYR61 expression in the wall cells of the tube-like structure; B. Negative control of the same sample in A; C. CYR61 expression in epiretinal membrane of PDR; D. CYR61 expression in epiretinal membrane of PVR (JPEG 150 kb)

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Zhang, X., Yu, W. & Dong, F. Cysteine-rich 61 (CYR61) is up-regulated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 250, 661–668 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-011-1882-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-011-1882-7

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