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Involvement of Müller glial cells in epiretinal membrane formation

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Abstract

Background

Proliferative retinopathies are considered to represent maladapted retinal wound repair processes driven by growth factor- and cytokine-induced overstimulation of proliferation, migration, extracellular matrix production and contraction of retinal cells. The formation of neovascular membranes represents an attempt to reoxygenize non-perfused retinal areas. Müller glial cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathies. This review summarizes the present knowledge regarding the role of Müller cells in periretinal membrane formation, especially in the early steps of epiretinal membrane formation, which involve an interaction of inflammatory and glial cells, and gives a survey of the factors which are suggested to be implicated in the induction of Müller cell gliosis and proliferation.

Conclusions

Alterations in the membrane conductance of Müller cells suggest that Müller cells may alter their phenotype into progenitor-like cells in the course of proliferative retinopathies; transdifferentiated Müller cells may have great impact for the development of new cell-based therapies.

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Acknowledgements

Some of the work presented in this review was conducted with grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GRK 1097/1) and the Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF) at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Leipzig (C35).

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Andreas Bringmann & Peter Wiedemann

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Correspondence to Andreas Bringmann.

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Bringmann, A., Wiedemann, P. Involvement of Müller glial cells in epiretinal membrane formation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 247, 865–883 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-009-1082-x

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