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Is the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique superior to Shaker exercises in swallowing rehabilitation?

  • Laryngology
  • Published:
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

This prospective study was planned to investigate whether the combined isotonic technique of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is superior to Shaker exercises in improving the function of swallowing muscles.

Methods

Fifty individuals (30 females and 20 males; mean age 68 ± 3.89 years) with swallowing difficulties were separated into two groups randomly. The treatment groups were Shaker and PNF groups, which performed these exercises three times in a week for6 weeks. Swallowing difficulties were determined with the Turkish version of the eating assessment tool (T-EAT-10). The 100 ml-water swallow test was used to measure capacity, volume, and speed of swallowing. Contraction amplitude changes used as a universal measurement of motor unit activity during the muscle action were measured with superficial electromyography.

Result

After 6 weeks of exercise training, T-EAT-10 scores decreased in both groups (p < 0.001). Water swallowing capacity and volume improved in both groups (p < 0.001). There was no change in swallowing speed in both groups (p > 0.05). Maximal voluntary contraction values of suprahyoid muscles were higher in PNF than the Shaker group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Both the types of exercise can be used in the rehabilitation of swallowing difficulties. However, the PNF technique increased the contraction amplitude values that occur during maximum contraction more than the Shaker exercises. Different functional evaluations are needed to determine the effectiveness of PNF on swallowing difficulty.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the staff of Uskudar University Physiotherapy Rehabilitation Application and Research Center, for their patients, Prof. Dr. Hilmi Uysal who shared his knowledge about sEMG, and dedicated participation in this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uskudar University Faculty of Healty Science Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Altunizade Mahallesi, Mahir İz Cd. No:23, 34674, Üsküdar/İstanbul, Turkey

    Cetin Sayaca & Defne Kaya

  2. Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Selen Serel-Arslan, Numan Demir & Ayse Karaduman

  3. Ministry of Health Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate Istanbul Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Nurhan Sayaca

  4. Okan University Vocational School of Health Services Electroneurophysiology Program, Istanbul, Turkey

    Goksel Somay

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  1. Cetin Sayaca
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  2. Selen Serel-Arslan
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Correspondence to Cetin Sayaca.

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Conflict of interest

All authors have no conflicts of interest with respect to the data collected and procedures used in this study. The authors declare that they have no sponsor for the study design, in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, in writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

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The authors confirm this study meets the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and after local ethical approval all subjects provided written informed consent.

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Sayaca, C., Serel-Arslan, S., Sayaca, N. et al. Is the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique superior to Shaker exercises in swallowing rehabilitation?. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 277, 497–504 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05772-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-019-05772-3

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