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Chronic electrostimulation after nerve repair by self-anastomosis: effects on the size, the mechanical, histochemical and biochemical muscle properties

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Abstract

This study tests the effects of chronic electrostimulation on denervated/reinnervated skeletal muscle in producing an optimal restoration of size and mechanical and histochemical properties. We compared tibialis anterior muscles in four groups of rats: in unoperated control (C) and 10 weeks following nerve lesion with suture (LS) in the absence of electrostimulation and in the presence of muscle stimulation with either a monophasic rectangular current (LSEm) or a biphasic modulated current (LSEb). The main results were (1) muscle atrophy was reduced in LSEm (−26%) while it was absent in LSEb groups (−8%); (2) the peak twitch amplitude decreased in LS and LSEm but not in LSEb groups, whereas the contraction time was shorter; (3) muscle reinnervation was associated with the emergence of type IIC fibers and proportions of types I, IIA and IIB fibers recovered in the superficial portion of LSEb muscles; (4) the ratio of oxidative to glycolytic activities decreased in the three groups with nerve injury and repair; however, this decrease was more accentuated in LSEm groups. We conclude that muscle electrostimulation following denervation and reinnervation tends to restore size and functional and histochemical properties during reinnervation better than is seen in unstimulated muscle.

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Abbreviations

A:

Amplitude

C:

Control group (unoperated)

CS:

Citrate synthase

CT:

Contraction time

EIF:

Electrically induced fatigue

IFG-1:

Insulin-like growth factor 1

L:

Nerve lesion

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

LS:

Lesion and suture of the nerve

LSEm :

Lesion and suture of the nerve, plus electrostimulation with a monophasic current

LSEb :

Lesion and suture of the nerve, plus electrostimulation with a biphasic current

MGF:

Muscle growth factor

MRR:

Maximum relaxation rate

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from ALARME (Association Libre d’Aide à Recherche sur la Moelle Epinière) and DGA-DSP (no. 00.34.029.00.470.75.01). We are grateful to Marie-Hélène Mayet-Sornay, Nathalie Kipson, Francis Berthelin (Physitech® Electronique Médicale), Ferdinand Tagliarini (Faculté de Médecine Nord, Marseille), Duane Button and Andréa Stefanyshen (University of Manitoba, Winnipeg) for technical assistance.

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  1. Laboratoire des Déterminants Physiologiques de l’Activité Physique (UPRES EA 3285), Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Marseille-Luminy, Institut Fédératif de Recherches Etienne-Jules MAREY (IFR 107), Case Postale 910, Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II), 163, avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France

    T. Marqueste, P. Decherchi & L. Grelot

  2. Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire (UPRES EA 2201), Faculté de Médecine Nord, Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II), Institut Fédératif de Recherches Jean ROCHE (IFR 11), Boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13916, Marseille Cedex 20, France

    T. Marqueste & Y. Jammes

  3. Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrative, Cellulaire et Moléculaire (UMR 5123 CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 44, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne Cedex, France

    D. Desplanches

  4. Laboratoire d’Energétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (INSERM E0221), Domaine Universitaire de St Martin d’Hères, Bâtiment B—2ème étage, 2280, rue de la Piscine, 38160, Gières, France

    R. Favier

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  1. T. Marqueste
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Correspondence to P. Decherchi.

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Marqueste, T., Decherchi, P., Desplanches, D. et al. Chronic electrostimulation after nerve repair by self-anastomosis: effects on the size, the mechanical, histochemical and biochemical muscle properties. Acta Neuropathol 111, 589–600 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-006-0035-2

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