Abstract
A new time-optimal rheometry technique is presented. It consists in applying to the material a continuous exponential frequency sweep and analyzing its response by means of Fourier transforms. The properties of this method are that it takes the least possible time to perform the linear viscoelastic measurement in a given frequency range, and also presents an optimal signal to noise ratio in Fourier space. After validation against classical methods, it is used to characterize the gelation of a dental alginate. Properly time-resolved measurements of the frequency dependent viscoelastic modulii are presented. This allows to evaluate rigorously the gel point, using the Winter and Chambon criterion. Analysis of the data shows that a fractal networks forms inside the material after a lag time of about 350s, with a subsequent fast evolution (less than two minutes) towards the final structure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fausti P, Farina A (2000) Acoustic measurements in opera houses comparison between different techniques and equipment. J Sound Vib 232:213–229
Ferry J (1980) Viscoelastic properties of polymers. Wiley
Holly E, Venkatamaran S, Chambon F, Winter H (1988) Fourier transform mechanical spectroscopy of viscoelastic materials with transient structure. J of Non-Newton Fluid Mech 27:17–26
In M, Prud’homme R (1993) Fourier transform mechanical spectroscopy of the sol-gel transition in zirconium alkoxide ceramic gels. Rheol Acta 32:556–565
Lu L, Liu X, Dai L, Tong Z (2005) Difference in concentration dependence of relaxation critical exponent n for alginate solutions at sol-gel transition induced by calcium cations. Biomacromolecules 6:2150–2156
Macosko C (1994) Rheology principles, measurements and applications. Wiley
Matsumoto T, Kawai M, Masuda T (1992) Viscoelastic and saxs investigation of fractal structure near the gel point in alginate aqueous systems. Macromolecules 25:5430–5433
Mours M, Winter H (1994) Time resolved rheometry. Rheol Acta 33:385–397
Muthukumar M (1985) Dynamics of polymeric fractals. J Chem Phys 83:3161–3168
Muthukumar M (1989) Screening effect on viscoelasticity near the gel point. Macromolecules 22:1284–1285
Muthukumar M, Winter H (1986) Fractal dimension of a cross-linking polymer at the gel point. Macromolecules 19:4656–4658
Phan-Tien N (2002) Understanding viscoelasticity basics of rheology, Springer
Stokke B, Draget K, Smidsrod O, Yuguchi Y, Urakawa H, Kajiwara K (2000) Small-angle x-ray scattering and rheological characterization of alginate gels. 1. ca-alginate gels. Macromolecules 33:1853–1863
Winter H, Chambon F (1986) Analysis of linear viscoelasticity of a crosslinking polymer at the gel point. J Rheol 30:367–382
Winter H, Mours M (1997) Rheology of polymers near liquid-solid transitions. Adv Polym Sci 134:165–234
Acknowledgements
We thank Nadia El Kissi for reviewing the manuscript, Jean-Louis Brugirard for providing the alginate samples, and the Groupe d’Etude sur l’Hemostase et la Thrombose for financial support for E. Ghiringhelli.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghiringhelli, E., Roux, D., Bleses, D. et al. Optimal fourier rheometry. Rheol Acta 51, 413–420 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-012-0616-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-012-0616-z