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Seed coat treatment by plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria Lysobacter antibioticus 13–6 enhances maize yield and changes rhizosphere bacterial communities

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Abstract

The plant rhizosphere is a major habitat for diverse microorganisms because of its heterogeneous microenvironment. It is well known that an imbalance in rhizosphere microorganisms has direct and indirect effects on soil fertility and plant health. In this study, we investigated the impact of Lysobacter antibioticus 13–6 seed coat treatment on the soil physicochemical properties, plant growth, and bacterial community composition of maize plants in both in vivo and in vitro experiments, using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA. Under in vitro conditions, we determined that L. antibioticus 13–6 has the ability to solubilize P, hydrolyze cellulose, and synthesize indole acetic acid. Furthermore, under in vivo conditions, L. antibioticus 13–6 significantly improved the soil physicochemical properties and enhanced the root length, stalk height, dry weight of root and stalk, grain yield, and chlorophyll contents by successful colonization in the rhizosphere of maize plants. The results of high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA demonstrated that L. antibioticus 13–6 significantly changed the diversity and composition of the rhizosphere bacterial communities. The relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level and Streptomyces, Lysobacter, and Nitrospira at the genus level significantly increased in the rhizosphere of L. antibioticus 13–6 seed coat-treated plants. Co-occurrence networks analysis revealed that the rhizosphere of L. antibioticus 13–6 seed coat-treated plants had fewer negative correlations and less competition for resources among bacterial communities. Genome analysis of L. antibioticus 13–6 revealed that the genome of L. antibioticus 13–6 encodes genes related to indole acetic acid synthesis, chitinase decomposition, and P solubilization, making it one of the most potent plant growth-promoting bacteria. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of L. antibioticus 13–6 as a promising seed coat bioagent for sustainable agriculture and to minimize the utilization of agrochemicals.

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Data availability

The raw data related to 16S rRNA sequencing is deposited in the sequence read archive (SRA) in NCBI public database with accession No. PRJNA615109.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32260701, No. 32060601), the Yunnan Ten Thousand Talents Plan Leading Talents of Industrial Technology Project of China (YNWR-CYJS-2019-046), and the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD1002000). 

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  1. Zhenlin Dai and Waqar Ahmed contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China

    Zhenlin Dai, Waqar Ahmed, Xiuying Yao, Jinhao Zhang, Lanfang Wei & Guanghai Ji

  2. Key Laboratory of Agro-Biodiversity and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China

    Zhenlin Dai, Waqar Ahmed, Xiuying Yao, Jinhao Zhang & Guanghai Ji

  3. College of Resources, Environment, and Chemistry, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, 675000, Yunnan, China

    Jun Yang

  4. Agricultural Foundation Experiment Teaching Center, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China

    Lanfang Wei

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  1. Zhenlin Dai
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Contributions

G.J. and L.W. conceived and designed the experiments. Z.D., W.A., X.Y., and J.Z. performed the experiments and collected the data. Z.D., W.A., and J.Y. analyzed the data. Z.D. and W.A. illustrated the figures and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. W.A. and G.J. revised the manuscript. All authors contributed to the final draft of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lanfang Wei or Guanghai Ji.

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Dai, Z., Ahmed, W., Yang, J. et al. Seed coat treatment by plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria Lysobacter antibioticus 13–6 enhances maize yield and changes rhizosphere bacterial communities. Biol Fertil Soils 59, 317–331 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-023-01703-x

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