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Biogeochemical processes at the Krasniy Yar seepage area (Lake Baikal) and a comparison with oceanic seeps

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Abstract

The expulsion of sedimentary, methane-rich fluids to bottom waters is a widespread process in Lake Baikal (eastern Siberia), resulting in deep water cold seep systems comparable in size and frequency to those of oceanic, high-productivity continental margins. Little is known, however, about how biogeochemical processes in Baikal cold seeps compare with those of oceanic cold seeps. In this paper, we present new pore water chemistry data from the Krasniy Yar seepage area located on the slope near the Selenga river delta. We compare biogeochemical processes deduced from these pore water chemical profiles with processes prevalent at oceanic cold seeps of highly productive continental margins. This comparison allows to draw the following conclusions: (1) in sediments not affected by seepage the fresh water mass of Lake Baikal results in a very low relative importance of the nitrogenous and sulfidic geochemical zones compared to the ocean; (2) diagenetic processes involving silicate minerals are, however, similar in Lake Baikal and the ocean; (3) fluid advection rates in cold seep sediments are similar in Lake Baikal and ocean systems but (4) the deep methane flux of Baikal seeps is mitigated by reaction with O2, and possibly Mn(IV) and Fe(III) oxides, whereas in oceanic sediments the main methane-consuming process is the anaerobic oxidation of methane with sulfate. Lake Baikal cold seep sediments are therefore nearly devoid of authigenic carbonate minerals and have a reduced capacity to decrease the deep methane flux.

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Acknowledgements

The cruise on R/V Vereschagin took place in the framework of the Class@Baikal TTR expeditions, and was organised by LIN SB RAS (AAAA-A16-116122110064-7) and MSU. We thank the captain and its crew for their professional assistance. This is IPGP contribution no. 4005.

Funding

This work was supported by a bilateral French-Russian funding: the PRC-CNRS programme (Shy@Baikal, no. 1072) and the RFBR research project no. 16-55-150005.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR 7154 CNRS, 1, rue Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France

    Giovanni Aloisi

  2. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya Street, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    Tatiana V. Pogodaeva, Andrey V. Khabuev, Andrey V. Kazakov & Oleg M. Khlystov

  3. CNRS, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris, ISTeP, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France

    Jeffrey Poort

  4. UNESCO-MSU Centre for Marine Geology and Geophysics, Faculty of Geology, Moscow State University, 1 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    Grigorii G. Akhmanov

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  1. Giovanni Aloisi
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  2. Tatiana V. Pogodaeva
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  3. Jeffrey Poort
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  7. Oleg M. Khlystov
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Aloisi, G., Pogodaeva, T.V., Poort, J. et al. Biogeochemical processes at the Krasniy Yar seepage area (Lake Baikal) and a comparison with oceanic seeps. Geo-Mar Lett 39, 59–75 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-019-00560-8

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