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Comparison between the effects of deep and moderate neuromuscular blockade during transurethral resection of bladder tumor on endoscopic surgical condition and recovery profile: a prospective, randomized, and controlled trial

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Abstract

Purpose

To compare between deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) and moderate NMB with respect to endoscopic surgical conditions and recovery profiles in patients with general anesthesia for transurethral resection of bladder (TURB).

Methods

108 patients undergoing elective TURB were randomized into two groups: the moderate NMB (n = 54) or deep NMB (n = 54) group. After the operation, NMB was reversed with 2 mg/kg sugammadex at a train-of-four (TOF) count of 1 or 2 (moderate NMB group) or with 4 mg/kg sugammadex at post-tetanic count (PTC) of 2 (deep NMB group). Surgeons, who were blinded to the study design, rated the endoscopic surgical condition on a 5-point scale (1 = extremely poor, 2 = poor, 3 = acceptable, 4 = good, 5 = optimal) immediately following the operation. Recovery profiles, including postoperative residual curarization (PORC), respiratory complication, and recovery time, were recorded.

Results

No difference was observed between the two groups regarding patients and anesthesia characteristics. There were statistically significant differences in endoscopic surgical conditions between the two groups (P < 0.001). Thirty-eight patients in the deep NMB group (74%) showed optimal surgical conditions, whereas 16 patients in the moderate NMB group (30%) showed optimal endoscopic surgical conditions. No PORC and respiratory complications occurred in both groups, and no difference was found between the two groups in terms of recovery profiles, including recovery time and other adverse events.

Conclusions

Deep NMB and reversal with sugammadex improved the endoscopic surgical condition without complications compared with moderate NMB and reversal with sugammadex in patients undergoing TURB.

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Abbreviations

ASA:

American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification

BMI:

Body mass index

PACU:

Post-anesthetia care unit

PTC:

Post-tetanic count

TOF:

Train-of-four

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by a research grant from Investigator-Initiated Studies Program of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. The opinion in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea

    C. H. Koo, S. H. Chung, B. G. Kim, A. Y. Oh, Y. T. Jeon & J. H. Ryu

  2. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea

    C. H. Koo

  3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumiro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13620, South Korea

    S. H. Chung, B. G. Kim, B. H. Min, A. Y. Oh, Y. T. Jeon & J. H. Ryu

  4. Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gumiro 173 Beon-Gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea

    S. C. Lee

Authors
  1. C. H. Koo
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  2. S. H. Chung
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  3. B. G. Kim
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  4. B. H. Min
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  5. S. C. Lee
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  6. A. Y. Oh
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  7. Y. T. Jeon
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Contributions

CHK manuscript writing/editing. SHC data collection and management. BGK data collection and management. BHM protocol development and editing. SCL scoring endoscopic surgical condition. AYO Protocol development and revision. YTJ data collection and analysis. JHR protocol development and data analysis, manuscript writing/editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. H. Ryu.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. C. H. Koo, S. H. Chung, B. G. Kim, B. H. Min, S. C. Lee, A. Y. Oh, Y. T. Jeon and J. H. Ryu have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study.

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Koo, C.H., Chung, S.H., Kim, B.G. et al. Comparison between the effects of deep and moderate neuromuscular blockade during transurethral resection of bladder tumor on endoscopic surgical condition and recovery profile: a prospective, randomized, and controlled trial. World J Urol 37, 359–365 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2398-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2398-0

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