Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Biochemically Triggered Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Proline Application

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Abiotic stresses are the prime coercion to sustainable crop production in changing climate scenario. Heat and drought stresses at reproductive as well as vegetative stages of rice cause extensive reduction in its yield. Being a multifunctional amino acid, proline is being used to diminish numerous biotic and abiotic stresses of plants. A pot experiment was conducted in summer season 2018, to check the effectiveness of foliar applied proline in mitigating the concurrent effects of heat and drought stresses on rice, at greenhouse/screenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Experiment was carried out under completely randomized design with split arrangement having three replications. Stress was imposed at anthesis with treatments viz. drought stress, heat stress and heat plus drought stress as a main factor, and various levels of exogenously applied proline viz. no proline/water spray, 10, 20 and 30 mM concentrations were maintained as subfactor. A control (no stress imposed) was upheld for comparison. Stress treatments: drought, heat and heat plus drought stress at anthesis stage depressed the production of antioxidants, osmoprotectants and chlorophyll contents while causing overproduction of malondialdehyde content. Exogenous proline application upregulated activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), total soluble proteins (TSP), leaf proline and glycine betaine contents and diminution in lipid peroxidation resulting into improvement in chlorophyll contents and eventually yield per plant. Concurrent heat and drought stresses were more perilous as compared to individually applied heat or drought stress and 30 mM proline application gave maximum alleviation against stress.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alghabari F, Ihsan MZ, Hussain S, Aishia G, Daur I (2015) Effect of Rht alleles on wheat grain yield and quality under high temperature and drought stress during booting and anthesis. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22(20):15506–15515

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arnon DI (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol l24(1):1

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashraf M, Harris PJC (2013) Photosynthesis under stressful environments an overview. Photosynthetica 51(2):163–190

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bai H, Wang Y (2002) Effect of exogenous proline on SOD and POD activity for soybean callus under salt stress. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin 17(3):37–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnabás B, Jäger K, Fehér A (2008) The effect of drought and heat stress on reproductive processes in cereals. Plant Cell Environ 31(1):11–38

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID (1973) Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil 39(1):205–207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brestic M, Zivcak M, Hauptvogel P, Misheva S, Kocheva K, Yang X, Li X, Allakhverdiev SI (2018) Wheat plant selection for high yields entailed improvement of leaf anatomical and biochemical traits including tolerance to non-optimal temperature conditions. Photosynthesis Res 136(2):245–255

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brestic M, Zivcak M, Kalaji HM, Carpentier R, Allakhverdiev SI (2012) Photosystem II thermostability in situ: environmentally induced acclimation and genotype-specific reactions in Triticum aestivum L. Plant Physiol Biochem 57:93–105

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cakmak I, Horst WJ (1991) Effect of aluminium on lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activities in root tips of soybean (Glycine max). Physiol Plant 83(3):463–468

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen C, Dickman MB (2005) Proline suppresses apoptosis in the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102(9):3459–3464

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chen YE, Su YQ, Zhang CM, Ma J, Mao HT, Yang ZH, Yuan M, Zhang ZW, Yuan S, Zhang HY (2018) Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant systems in different wheat strains. J Plant Growth Regul 37(2):347–359

    Google Scholar 

  • De Boeck HJ, Bassin S, Verlinden M, Zeiter M, Hiltbrunner E (2016) Simulated heat waves affected alpine grassland only in combination with drought. New Phytol 209(2):531–541

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dias AS, Lidon FC (2009) Evaluation of grain filling rate and duration in bread and durum wheat, under heat stress after anthesis. J Agron Crop Sci 195(2):137–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Edreira JIR, Mayer LI, Otegui ME (2014) Heat stress in temperate and tropical maize hybrids: kernel growth, water relations and assimilate availability for grain filling. Field Crops Res 166:162–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahad S, Bajwa AA, Nazir U, Anjum SA, Farooq A, Zohaib A, Ihsan MZ (2017) Crop production under drought and heat stress: plant responses and management options. Front Plant Sci 8:1147

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gadallah MAA (1999) Effects of proline and glycine betaine on Vicia faba responses to salt stress. Biol Plant 42(2):249–257

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garg N, Manchanda G (2009) ROS generation in plants: boon or bane? Plant Biosystems 143(1):81–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Giannopolitis CN, Ries SK (1977) Superoxide dismutases: I occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiol 59(2):309–314

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grieve CM, Grattan SR (1983) Rapid assay for determination of water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds. Plant Soil 70(2):303–307

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta SKD, Das K (2003) Effect of level and time of application of N.P and K on yield and oil content of rape. Indian Agriculturist 17:163–168

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris JM, Roach B, Environmental JMH (2007) The economics of global climate change. Global Development and Environment Institute Tufts University, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasanuzzaman M, Hossain MA, da Silva JAT, Fujita M (2012) Plant response and tolerance to abiotic oxidative stress: antioxidant defense is a key factor. In: Venkateswarlu B, Shanker A, Shanker C, Maheswari M (eds) Crop stress and its management: Perspectives and strategies. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 261–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemantaranjan A, Bhanu AN, Singh MN, Yadav DK, Patel PK (2014) Heat stress responses and thermotolerance. Adv Plants Agric Res 1(3):00012

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu SY, Hsu YT, Kao CH (2003) The effect of polyethylene glycol on proline accumulation in rice leaves. Biol Plant 46:73–78

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain S, Khan F, Cao W, Wu L, Geng M (2016) Seed priming alters the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen intermediates in rice seedlings grown under sub-optimal temperature and nutrient supply. Front Plant Sci 7:439

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • IPCC (Intergovernmental panel on climate change) (2014) Fourth assessment report: climate change synthesis report. World Met Org, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaleel CA, Manivannan P, Wahid A, Farooq M, Al-Juburi HJ, Somasundaram R, Panneerselvam R (2009) Drought stress in plants: a review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. Int J Agric Biol 11(1):100–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaushal N, Gupta K, Bhandhari K, Kumar S, Thakur P, Nayyar H (2011) Proline induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants by protecting vital enzymes of carbon and antioxidative metabolism. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 17(3):203

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Khedr AHA, Abbas MA, Wahid AAA, Quick WP, Abogadallah GM (2003) Proline induces the expression of salt-stress-responsive proteins and may improve the adaptation of Pancratium maritimum L. to salt-stress. J Exp Bot 54(392):2553–2562

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kozłowska M, Rybus-Zając M, Stachowiak J, Janowska B (2007) Changes in carbohydrate contents of Zantedeschia leaves under gibberellin-stimulated flowering. Acta Physiol Plant 29(1):27–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu D, Zou J, Meng Q, Zou J, Jiang W (2009) Uptake and accumulation and oxidative stress in garlic (Allium sativum L.) under lead phytotoxicity. Ecotoxicology 18(1):134–143

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Madan S, Nainawatee HS, Jain RK, Chowdhury JB (1995) Proline and proline metabolising enzymes in in-vitro selected NaCl-tolerant Brassica juncea L. under salt stress. Ann Bot (Lond) 76:51–57

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathur S, Agrawal D, Jajoo A (2014) Photosynthesis: response to high temperature stress. J Photochem Photobiol B 137:116–126

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matysik J, Alai Bhalu B, Mohanty P (2002) Molecular mechanisms of quenching of reactive oxygen species by proline under stress in plants. Curr Sci 82:525–532

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mostofa MG, Yoshida N, Fujita M (2014) Spermidine pretreatment enhances heat tolerance in rice seedlings through modulating antioxidative and glyoxalase systems. Plant Growth Regul 73(1):31–44

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nounjan N, Nghia PT, Theerakulpisut P (2012) Exogenous proline and trehalose promote recovery of rice seedlings from salt-stress and differentially modulate antioxidant enzymes and expression of related genes. J Plant Physiol 169(6):596–604

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oneto CD, Otegui ME, Baroli I, Beznec A, Faccio P, Bossio E, Lewi D (2016) Water deficit stress tolerance in maize conferred by expression of an isopentenyl transferase (IPT) gene driven by a stress-and maturation-induced promoter. J Biotech 220:66–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozden M, Demirel U, Kahraman A (2009) Effects of proline on antioxidant system in leaves of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) exposed to oxidative stress by H2O2. Sci Hortic 119(2):163–168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pandey V, Shukla A (2015) Acclimation and tolerance strategies of rice under drought stress. Rice Sci 22(4):147–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Prasad PVV, Pisipati SR, Momčilović I, Ristic Z (2011) Independent and combined effects of high temperature and drought stress during grain filling on plant yield and chloroplast EF-Tu expression in spring wheat. J Agron Crop Sci 197(6):430–441

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ray DK, Gerber JS, MacDonald GK, West PC (2015) Climate variation explains a third of global crop yield variability. Nat Commun 6:5989

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakr MT, El-Sarkassy NM, Fuller MP (2012) Osmoregulators proline and glycine betaine counteract salinity stress in canola. Agronsust Dev 32(3):747–754

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seki M, Umezawa T, Urano K, Shinozaki K (2007) Regulatory metabolic networks in drought stress responses. Curr Opin Plant Biol 10(3):296–302

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serraj R, McNally KL, Slamet-Loedin I, Kohli A, Haefele SM, Atlin G, Kumar A (2011) Drought resistance improvement in rice: an integrated genetic and resource management strategy. Plant Prod Sci 14(1):1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Steel RG (1997) Pinciples and procedures of statistics a biometrical approach (No. 519.5 S8)

  • Sun Y, Liu X, Zhai H, Gao H, Yao Y, Du Y (2016) Responses of photosystem II photochemistry and the alternative oxidase pathway to heat stress in grape leaves. Acta Physiol Plant 38(10):232

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki N, Mittler R (2006) Reactive oxygen species and temperature stresses: a delicate balance between signaling and destruction. Physiol Plant 126(1):45–51

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terras FR, Torrekens S, Van-Leuven F, Osborn RW, Vanderleyden J, Cammue BP, Broekaert WF (1993) A new family of basic cysteine-rich plant antifungal proteins from Brassicaceae species. FEBS Lett 316(3):233–240

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verbruggen N, Hermans C (2008) Proline accumulation in plants: areview. Amino Acids 35:753–759

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Virk DS, Chakraborty M, Ghosh J, Harris D (2006) Participatory evaluation of horsegram (Macrotylo mauniflorum) varieties and their on-station responses to on-farm seed priming in Eastern India. Exp Agric 42(4):411–425

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahid A, Gelani S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR (2007) Heat tolerance in plants: an overview. Environ Exp Bot 61(3):199–223

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang C, Wen D, Sun A, Han X, Zhang J, Wang Z, Yin Y (2014) Differential activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes and alteration in osmolyte accumulation under high temperature stress in wheat seedlings. J Cer Sci 60(3):653–659

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wani AS, Irfan M, Hayat S, Ahmad A (2012) Response of two mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to proline. Protoplasma 249(1):75–87

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu ZZ, Zhou GS (2006) Combined effects of water stress and high temperature on photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and lipid peroxidation of a perennial grass Leymuschinensis. Planta 224(5):1080–1090

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zafar SA, Hameed A, Khan AS, Ashraf M (2017) Heat shock induced morpho-physiological response in indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) at early seedling stage. Pak J Bot 49(2):453–463

    Google Scholar 

  • Zafar SA, Hameed A, Nawaz MA, Wei MA, Noor MA, Hussain M (2018) Mechanisms and molecular approaches for heat tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under climate change scenario. J Integr Agric 17(4):726–738

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zandalinas SI, Rivero RM, Martínez V, Gómez-Cadenas A, Arbona V (2016) Tolerance of citrus plants to the combination of high temperatures and drought is associated to the increase in transpiration modulated by a reduction in abscisic acid levels. BMC Plant Biol 16(1):105

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Ervin EH, Evanylo GK, Haering KC (2009) Impact of bio solids on hormone metabolism in drought-stressed tall fescue. Crop Sci 49(5):1893–1901

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Sajid Hanif, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Muhammad Sarwar, Muhammad Irshad, Abdul Shakoor, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid & Haroon Zaman Khan

Authors
  1. Sajid Hanif
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Muhammad Farrukh Saleem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Muhammad Sarwar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Muhammad Irshad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Abdul Shakoor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Haroon Zaman Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Farrukh Saleem.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hanif, S., Saleem, M.F., Sarwar, M. et al. Biochemically Triggered Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Proline Application. J Plant Growth Regul 40, 305–312 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10095-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10095-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation