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Growth of surface structures correlated with structural and mechanical modifications of brass by laser-induced Si plasma ions implantation

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Abstract

Laser-produced Si plasma is employed as an ion source for implantation on the brass substrate for its surface, structural, and mechanical modifications. Thomson parabola technique is employed for the measurement of energy and flux of Si ions using CR-39. In response to stepwise increase in number of laser pulses from 3000 to 12000, four brass substrates were implanted by laser-induced Si plasma ions of energy 290 keV at different fluxes ranging from 45 × 1012 to 75 × 1015 ions/cm2. SEM analysis reveals the formation of nano/micro-sized irregular shaped cavities and pores for the various ion fluxes for varying numbers of laser pulses from 3000 to 9000. At the maximum ion flux for 12,000 pulses, distinct and organized grains with hexagonal and irregular shaped morphology are revealed. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis exhibits that a new phase of CuSi (311) is identified which confirms the implantation of Si ions in brass substrate. A significant decrease in mechanical properties of implanted brass, such as Yield Stress (YS), Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), and hardness, with increasing laser pulses from 3000 to 6000 is observed. However, with increasing laser pulses from 9000 to a maximum value of 12,000, an increase in mechanical properties like hardness, YS, and UTS is observed. The generation as well as annihilation of defects, recrystallization, and intermixing of Si precipitates with brass matrix is considered to be responsible for variations in surface, structural, and mechanical modifications of brass.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to Prof. Dr. Raiz Ahmad and Dr. Tousif Hussain for providing facility of SEM and XRD analyses. We are also indebted to Mr. Sajjad Ahmad and Mr. M. Aftab Shafique for cooperation in tensile testing, microhardness, and drafting. The authors would like to thank Higher Education commission of Pakistan for funding the project “Up gradation of Laser facilities, GC University Lahore”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Advanced Studies in Physics, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Shahbaz Ahmad, Shazia Bashir & Daniel Yousaf

  2. Department of Physics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    M. Shahid Rafique

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  1. Shahbaz Ahmad
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  2. Shazia Bashir
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  3. M. Shahid Rafique
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  4. Daniel Yousaf
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Correspondence to Shazia Bashir.

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Ahmad, S., Bashir, S., Rafique, M.S. et al. Growth of surface structures correlated with structural and mechanical modifications of brass by laser-induced Si plasma ions implantation. Appl. Phys. A 123, 223 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0750-z

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