Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nonlinear absorption properties correlated with the surface and structural changes of ultra short pulse laser irradiated CR-39

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We have investigated femtosecond laser irradiation effects on the surface topography, structural changes and nonlinear absorption properties of CR-39. For this purpose, a CR-39 target was exposed in air to 25 fs, 800 nm Ti: sapphire laser radiation at fluences ranging from 0.25 J cm−2 to 3.6 J cm−2. The surface of irradiated CR-39 probed by an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) exhibits the formation of several topographical structures, like bumps, explosions and nano cavities. Raman spectroscopy is performed to explore chemical and structural modification of the irradiated target. The spectroscopy reveals changes such as cross linking, bond breaking, formation of new bonds etc. in the fundamental structure of the polymer after irradiation. In order to establish a correlation between morphological and structural changes with the changes in the nonlinear absorption of the irradiated CR-39, a Z-scan technique was employed. A comparison of experimentally obtained data from Z-scan measurements with our calculations predicts the dominance of three-photon absorption in the case of pristine CR-39, whereas for irradiated targets concurrence of three- and two-photon absorption is probable. Nonlinear absorption increases with increasing laser fluences and is well correlated by surface and structural changes revealed by AFM and Raman spectroscopy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H.G. Rubahn, Laser Applications in Surface Science and Technology (Wiley, New York, 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  2. P.C. Kalsi, C. Agarwal, J. Mater. Sci. 43, 2865 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. E. Baradacs, I. Csige, I. Rajta, Radiat. Meas. 43, 1354 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. T. Sharma, S. Aggarwal, A. Sharma, S. Kumar, D. Kanjilal, S.K. Deshpande, P.S. Goyal, J. Appl. Phys. 102, 063527 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. P.C. Kalsi, V.S. Nadkarni, V.K. Manchanda, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 77, 1002 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. H.R. Zangeneh, P. Parvin, Z. Zamanipour, B. Jaleh, S. Jelvani, M. Taheri, Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 163, 863 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Bashir, M.S. Rafique, F. Ul-Haq, Laser Part. Beams 25, 181 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. F. Abu-Jarad, S.M.A. Durrani, M.A. Islam, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 74, 419 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. A.A. Serafetinides, M. Makropoulou, E. Fabrikesi, E. Spyratou, C. Bacharis, R.R. Thomson, A.K. Kar, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 93, 111 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. M.F. Zaki, J. Phys. D, Appl. Phys. 41, 75404 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. T. Yamauchi, Y. Mori, K. Oda, N. Yasuda, H. Kitamura, B. Rémi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 3606 (2008). Part 1: Regular Papers and Short Notes and Review Papers

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. T. Sharma, S. Aggarwal, A. Sharma, S. Kumar, V.K. Mittal, P.C. Kalsi, V.K. Manchanda, Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 163, 173 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. C. Gan, Y. Zhang, S.W. Liu, Y. Wang, M. Xiao, Opt. Mater. 30, 1440 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. A. Ajami, M.S. Rafique, N. Pucher, S. Bashir, W. Husinsky, R. Liska, R. Inführ, H. Lichtenegger, J. Stampfl, St. Lüftenegger, in Z-scan Measurements of Two-photon Absorption for Ultrashort Laser Radiation. Proc. SPIE, vol. 7027 (SPIE, Bellingham, 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  15. M. Sheik-Bahae, A.A. Said, T.-H. Wei, D.J. Hagan, E.W. Van Stryland, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 760 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Schmidt, R. Kusche, B. von Issendorff, H. Haberland, Nature 393, 238–240 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Vogel, V. Venugopalan, Chem. Rev. 103, 577 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. V. Koubassov, J.F. Laprise, F. Théberge, E. Förster, R. Sauerbrey, B. Müller, U. Glatzel, S.L. Chin, Appl. Phys. A, Mater. Sci. Process. 79, 499 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Ma, G. Guo, J. Yang, Y. Guo, N. Ma, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B: Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 264, 61 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. P.E. Dyer, S.D. Jenkins, J. Sidhu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 453 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. J. Vanderschueren, G. Yianakopoulos, J. Niezette, C. Chatry, J. Gasiot, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 44, 1027 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. J.S. Chen, S.P. Lau, Z. Sun, B.K. Tay, G.Q. Yu, F.Y. Zhu, D.Z. Zhu, H.J. Xu, Surf. Coat. Technol. 138, 33 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. R.J. Young, W.Y. Yeh, Polymer 35, 3844 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. B. Mallick, R.C. Behera, T.N. Tiwari, S. Panigrahi, S.K. Samal, Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 163, 161 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. X. Shi, L. Chen, J. Yang, G.P. Meisner, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 2301 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. C.L. Wan, W. Pan, Q. Xu, Y.X. Qin, J.D. Wang, Z.X. Qu, M.H. Fang, Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 74 (2006)

  27. Y. Mori, T. Ikeda, T. Yamauchi, A. Sakamoto, H. Chikada, Y. Honda, K. Oda, Radiat. Meas. (2009)

  28. C.S. Chong, I. Ishak, R.H. Mahat, Y.M. Amin, Radiat. Meas. 28, 119 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. A.F. Saad, S.T. Atwa, R. Yokota, M. Fujii, Radiat. Meas. 40, 780 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. M.A. Malek, C.S. Chong, Radiat. Meas. 35, X203 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. M.A. Malek, C.S. Chong, Vibr. Spectrosc. 24, 181 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. T. Yamauchi, Radiat. Meas. 36, 73 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. T. Yamauchi, S. Takada, H. Ichijo, K. Oda, Radiat. Meas. 34, X69 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. J.M. Costantini, J.P. Salvetat, F. Couvreur, S. Bouffard, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B: Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 234, 458 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. C. Wochnowski, Y. Hanada, Y. Cheng, S. Metev, F. Vollertsen, K. Sugioka, K. Midorikawa, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 100, 1229 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. B. Jaleh, P. Parvin, K. Mirabaszadeh, M. Katouzi, Radiat. Meas. 38, 173 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. W.W. Duley, UV Lasers Effects and Applications in Material Science (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  38. R.E. Hummel, Electronic Properties of Materials (Springer, Berlin, 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  39. A.A. Serafetinides, M.I. Makropoulou, C.D. Skordoulis, A.K. Kar, Appl. Surf. Sci. 180, 42 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. C.W. Ponader, J.F. Schroeder, A.M. Streltsov, J. Appl. Phys. 103, 063516 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Applied Physics, Technical University Vienna, 8-10 wiednerhaupstrasse, 1040, Vienna, Austria

    M. Shahid Rafique, Shazia Bashir, Ali Ajami & Wolfgang Husinsky

  2. Physics Department, University of Engineering and Technology, 54890, Lahore, Pakistan

    M. Shahid Rafique

Authors
  1. M. Shahid Rafique
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shazia Bashir
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ali Ajami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wolfgang Husinsky
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Shahid Rafique.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rafique, M.S., Bashir, S., Ajami, A. et al. Nonlinear absorption properties correlated with the surface and structural changes of ultra short pulse laser irradiated CR-39. Appl. Phys. A 100, 1183–1189 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5741-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5741-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation