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Nanostructures and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) fabricated by electrospinning

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Abstract

This paper describes the fabrication of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanostructures (in the form of nanofibers and nanoparticles) by the electrospinning method using a solution that contained poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and cheap Co and Fe nitrates as metal sources. The as-spun and calcined CoFe2O4/PVP composite samples were characterized by TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, SEM and TEM, respectively. After calcination of the as-spun CoFe2O4/PVP composite nanofibers (fiber size of 320±48 nm in diameter) at 500, 600, and 800°C in air for 3 h with different heating rates of 5 or 20°C/min, either NiFe2O4 nanofibers of ∼10−200 nm in diameter or nanoparticles with particle sizes of ∼50−400 nm having a well-developed spinel structure were successfully obtained. The crystal structure and morphology of the nanofibers were influenced by the calcination temperature and heating rate. A faster heating rate allowed for a rapid removal of the PVP matrix and resulted in a complete change from fibrous structure to particle in the calcined CoFe2O4/PVP composite nanofibers. Room temperature magnetization results showed a ferromagnetic behavior of the calcined CoFe2O4/PVP composite nanofibers, having their hysteresis loops in the field range of ± 4500 and 3000 Oe for the samples calcined respectively with heating rates of 5 and 20°C/min. The values of the specific magnetization (M s) at 10 kOe, remnant magnetization (M r), M r/M s ratio, and coercive forces (H c) are obtained from hysteresis loops. It was found that the values of M s, M r, M r/M s, and H c depended strongly on morphology of the CoFe2O4 nanostructures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Small & Strong Materials Group (SSMG), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Montana Sangmanee & Santi Maensiri

  2. Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center (INRC), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

    Santi Maensiri

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  1. Montana Sangmanee
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  2. Santi Maensiri
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Correspondence to Santi Maensiri.

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Sangmanee, M., Maensiri, S. Nanostructures and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) fabricated by electrospinning. Appl. Phys. A 97, 167–177 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-009-5256-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-009-5256-5

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