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Prediction of outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage using data from patient admission

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Abstract

Objectives

The pathogenesis leading to poor functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is multifactorial and not fully understood. We evaluated a machine learning approach based on easily determinable clinical and CT perfusion (CTP) features in the course of patient admission to predict the functional outcome 6 months after ictus.

Methods

Out of 630 consecutive subarachnoid haemorrhage patients (2008–2015), 147 (mean age 54.3, 66.7% women) were retrospectively included (Inclusion: aSAH, admission within 24 h of ictus, CTP within 24 h of admission, documented modified Rankin scale (mRS) grades after 6 months. Exclusion: occlusive therapy before first CTP, previous aSAH, CTP not evaluable). A random forests model with conditional inference trees was optimised and trained on sex, age, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) and modified Fisher grades, aneurysm in anterior vs. posterior circulation, early external ventricular drainage (EVD), as well as MTT and Tmax maximum, mean, standard deviation (SD), range, 75th quartile and interquartile range to predict dichotomised mRS (≤ 2; > 2). Performance was assessed using the balanced accuracy over the training and validation folds using 20 repeats of 10-fold cross-validation.

Results

In the final model, using 200 trees and the synthetic minority oversampling technique, median balanced accuracy was 84.4% (SD 0.7) over the training folds and 70.9% (SD 1.2) over the validation folds. The five most important features were the modified Fisher grade, age, MTT range, WFNS and early EVD.

Conclusions

A random forests model trained on easily determinable features in the course of patient admission can predict the functional outcome 6 months after aSAH with considerable accuracy.

Key Points

• Features determinable in the course of admission of a patient with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) can predict the functional outcome 6 months after the occurrence of aSAH.

• The top five predictive features were the modified Fisher grade, age, the mean transit time (MTT) range from computed tomography perfusion (CTP), the WFNS grade and the early necessity for an external ventricular drainage (EVD).

• The range between the minimum and the maximum MTT may prove to be a valuable biomarker for detrimental functional outcome.

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Abbreviations

aSAH:

Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

CTP:

CT perfusion

DCI:

Delayed cerebral ischaemia

EVD:

External ventricular drainage

GCS:

Glasgow coma scale

mRS:

Modified Rankin scale

MTT:

Mean transit time

SD:

Standard deviation

SMOTE:

Synthetic minority oversampling technique

WFNS:

World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies

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Acknowledgements

Editing assistance of an earlier version of the manuscript: Bonnie Hami, M.A. (Cleveland, OH, USA).

Funding

The authors state that this work has not received any funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Christian Rubbert, Christian Mathys, Rebecca May, Marius G. Kaschner, Benjamin Sigl, Nikolas A. Teichert, Johannes Boos, Bernd Turowski & Julian Caspers

  2. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany

    Kaustubh R. Patil

  3. Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Kaustubh R. Patil

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Kerim Beseoglu

  5. Institute of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, University of Oldenburg, D-26122, Oldenburg, Germany

    Christian Mathys

  6. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany

    Julian Caspers

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  1. Christian Rubbert
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Correspondence to Christian Rubbert.

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The scientific guarantor of this publication is Christian Rubbert.

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The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

Statistics and biometry

One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.

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Written informed consent was waived by the institutional review board.

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Methodology

• retrospective

• cross-sectional study

• performed at one institution

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Rubbert, C., Patil, K.R., Beseoglu, K. et al. Prediction of outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage using data from patient admission. Eur Radiol 28, 4949–4958 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5505-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5505-0

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