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Phase I and pharmacokinetic trial of AP5346, a DACH–platinum–polymer conjugate, administered weekly for three out of every 4 weeks to advanced solid tumor patients

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) safety and pharmacokinetics of AP5346, a copolymer-linked 1,2-diaminocyclohexane(DACH)-platinum compound, in advanced solid tumor patients.

Experimental design

AP5346 was administered as a 1-hour IV infusion on days 1, 8, 15 of a 28-day cycle. Seven dose levels (DL) were explored: DL1: 40 mg platinum (Pt)/m² (1 patient); DL2: 80 (1); DL3: 160 (3); DL4: 320 (3); DL5: 640 (6); DL6: 850 (6); DL7: 1280 (6) mg Pt/m2. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) included infusion omission and cycle delay >2 weeks.

Results

Twenty-six patients received 41 cycles (median 1/patient, range 1–4). No DLT occurred in DL 1–4; 1 DLT in DL5 (RD; renal insufficiency), two in DL6 (MTD; vomiting; fatigue) and 5 in DL7 (neutropenic infection with diarrhea; neutropenia with vomiting; vomiting with fatigue; renal insufficiency; and fatigue). Two deaths occurred due to renal insufficiency (DL5); in both cases patients had disease in or surrounding genitourinary tract whose contribution could not be accurately discerned. Grade 1-2 creatinine abnormalities occurred in seven patients. Nausea/emesis was frequent (92%), reaching grade 3-4 (23%), but controlled by antiemetics. Grade 2-4 allergic reactions occurred in 4 patients. C max and AUC increased linearly with dose for total plasma platinum and ultrafiltrate platinum. Antitumor activity included two partial responses in metastatic melanoma and ovarian cancer, and an additional CA-125 normalization (from 133 IU/l) in a suspected ovarian cancer.

Conclusions

AP5346 administered weekly for 3 weeks out of every four is tolerated up to a dose of 640 mg Pt/m² on the first cycle when given with antiemetic prophylaxis. The pharmacokinetics of AP5346 indicates a prolonged half-life, and evidence of antitumor activity was observed at this dose level.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. Alejandro Yovine, Mr. Ronan Fougeray and Dr. Maria Mavris (CAC Oncology, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) for their aid in the analysis of the study and preparation of the manuscript. This study was sponsored by ACCESS Pharmaceuticals Inc., Dallas, TX.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre René Gauducheau, Nantes, France

    Mario Campone & Jaafar Bennouna

  2. Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Jeany M. Rademaker-Lakhai, Jos H. Beijnen & Jan H. M. Schellens

  3. Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, Room 3344, San Diego, CA, 92093-0819, USA

    Stephen B. Howell

  4. ACCESS Pharmaceuticals Inc., Dallas, TX, USA

    Stephen B. Howell

  5. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    David P. Nowotnik, Jos H. Beijnen & Jan H. M. Schellens

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  1. Mario Campone
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  2. Jeany M. Rademaker-Lakhai
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  3. Jaafar Bennouna
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  4. Stephen B. Howell
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  6. Jos H. Beijnen
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  7. Jan H. M. Schellens
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephen B. Howell.

Additional information

Presented in part at the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA 2005, USA.

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Campone, M., Rademaker-Lakhai, J.M., Bennouna, J. et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic trial of AP5346, a DACH–platinum–polymer conjugate, administered weekly for three out of every 4 weeks to advanced solid tumor patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 60, 523–533 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-006-0397-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-006-0397-0

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