Abstract
Translocation of bacteria and endotoxin has long been documented in obstructive jaundice, and altered intestinal barrier function is considered to be one of the important mechanisms for this phenomenon. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also known as cyclin, is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase-δ, and the level of synthesis correlates directly with rates of cellular proliferation and DNA synthesis. This study was designed with the aim of evaluating the effect of obstructive jaundice on PCNA expression in small bowel epithelium. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to four groups. Group A (n = 10, control group) underwent a sham operation. Group B (n = 9, obstructive jaundice group for 1 week) underwent common bile duct ligation. Group C (n = 8, obstructive jaundice group for 2 weeks) underwent common bile duct ligation. Group D (n = 8, obstructive jaundice group for 2 weeks) underwent common bile duct ligation with oral glutamine intake. After periods of 7 days and 2 weeks, segments of small bowel were harvested from groups A & B and groups C & D, respectively. Nuclear immunohistochemical expression of PCNA in small bowel was evaluated. The PCNA-labeling index [(PCNA-positive cells/500 cells) × 100] was quantified. Comparisons among the four groups were performed. The PCNA-labeling index in small bowel of group B was significantly higher than that of group A (29.0% vs 21.2%, p = 0.001). After 2 weeks of common bile duct ligation, the PCNA-labeling index in small bowel of group C was significantly lower than that of group A (19.4% vs 21.2%, p = 0.045). With oral glutamine intake daily, the PCNA-labeling index in small bowel of Group D was restored and was significantly higher than that of group A (24.5% vs 21.2%, p = 0.002). Obstructive jaundice for 1 week upgraded PCNA expression in rat small intestine. PCNA expression in rat small intestine later became depressed after obstructive jaundice for 2 weeks. Oral glutamine intake daily could effectively restore the PCNA expression in small bowel of rats subjected to obstructive jaundice for 2 weeks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
HA Pitt JL Cameron RG Postier et al. (1981) ArticleTitleFactors affecting mortality in biliary tract surgery Am. J. Surg. 141 66–72
CH Su FK Peng WY Lui (1992) ArticleTitleFactors affecting morbidity and mortality in biliary tract surgery World J. Surg. 16 536–540 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:By2B2s7lsVU%3D
EA Deitch K Sitting R Berg et al. (1990) ArticleTitleObstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation from the gut Am. J. Surg. 159 79–84 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:By%2BC3c3otFw%3D
HV Bossuyt C Desmaretz GB Gaeta et al. (1990) ArticleTitleThe role of bile acids in the development of endotoxemia during obstructive jaundice in the rat J. Hepatol. 10 274–279 Occurrence Handle2365979
SM Sheen-Chen P Chau HW Harris (1998) ArticleTitleObstructive jaundice alters Kupffer cell function independent of bacterial translocation J. Surg. Res. 80 205–209 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2Fpsleqsw%3D%3D
WW Souba RJ Smith DW Wilmore (1985) ArticleTitleGlutamine metabolism by the intestinal tract JPEN. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 9 608–616 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2MXlvFenu7c%3D
D Kaiserlian K Vidal (1993) ArticleTitleAntigen presentation by intestinal epithelial cells Immunol. Today 14 144 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXitlWrs7s%3D
JM Martin-Villa S Ferre-Lopez JC Lopez-Suarez et al. (1997) ArticleTitleCell surface phenotype and ultramicroscopic analysis of purified human enterocytes: a possible antigen-presenting cell in the intestine Tissue Antigens 50 586–592 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXitleguw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle9458111
ML Marin AJ Greenstein SA Geller et al. (1983) ArticleTitleA freeze fracture study of Crohn’s disease of the terminal ileum: changes in epithelial tight junction organization Am. J. Gastroenterol. 78 537–547 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BiyA3crmvF0%3D
J Grant (1988) ArticleTitleUse of L-glutamine in total parenteral nutrition J. Surg. Res. 44 506–513 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXktlOjtbo%3D
T Hwang S O’Dwyer R Smith (1986) ArticleTitlePreservation of small bowel using glutamine enriched parenteral nutrution Surg. Forum 37 56–58 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXms1aiuw%3D%3D
R Bravo R Frank PA Blundell et al. (1987) ArticleTitleCyclin/PCNA is the auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase-δ Nature 326 515–517 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhvFWntr8%3D Occurrence Handle2882423
R Bravo HM Bravo (1987) ArticleTitleExistence of teo population of cyclin/proliferating cell nuclear antigen during the cell cycle: association with DNA replication sites J. Cell Biol. 105 1549–1554 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXjvFyq
M Danova A Riccardi M Giordano et al. (1988) ArticleTitleCell cycle–related protein: a flow cytometric study in human tumors Biol. Cell. 64 23–28 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXhtlWlsL8%3D Occurrence Handle2906262
B Mattews RM Bernstein BR Franza SuffixJr et al. (1984) ArticleTitleIdentity of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin Nature 309 374–376 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXktlCksbc%3D Occurrence Handle6145097
G Prelich CK Tan M Kotsura et al. (1987) ArticleTitleFunctional identity of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and a DNA polymerase-delta auxiliary protein Nature 326 517–520 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhvFWntrw%3D Occurrence Handle2882424
GR Corazza L Ginaldi G Quaglione et al. (1998) ArticleTitleProliferating cell nuclear antigen expression is increased in small bowel epithelium in the elderly Mech. Ageing Dev. 104 1–9 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1cvit1Snug%3D%3D
JR Yu N Myong JY Chai (1997) ArticleTitleExpression patterns of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the small intestine of mice infected with Metagonimus yokogawai and Metagonimus Miyata type Korean J. Parasitol. 35 239–244
CEH Scott-Conner JB Grogan (1994) ArticleTitleThe pathophysiology of biliary obstruction and its effect on phagocytic and immune function J. Surg. Res. 57 316–336 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByuA3c%2FpslI%3D
SM Sheen-Chen HS Chen HT Ho et al. (2002) ArticleTitleEffect of bile acid replacement on endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor-α production in obstructive jaundice World J. Surg. 26 448–450 Occurrence Handle11910478
SM Sheen-Chen HT Ho WJ Chen et al. (2002) ArticleTitleObstructive jaundice alters CD44 expression in rat small intestine Digestion 65 112–117 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xjsl2rtLc%3D
CJ Cahill (1983) ArticleTitlePrevention of postoperative renal failure in patients with obstructive jaundice – the role of bile salts Br. J. Surg. 70 590–595 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BiuD38rjvFc%3D
WDB Clement M McCaigue P Erwin et al. (1996) ArticleTitleBiliary decompression promotes Kupffer cell recovery in obstructive jaudice Gut 38 925–931 Occurrence Handle8984035
RW Parks WDB Clements MG Smye et al. (1996) ArticleTitleIntestinal barrier dysfunction in clinical and experimental obstructive jaundice and its reversal by internal biliary drainage Br. J. Surg. 83 1345–1349 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiD1Mbosl0%3D
JM Holman LF Rikkers (1982) ArticleTitleBiliary obstruction and host defense failure J. Surg. Res. 32 208–213 Occurrence Handle7070073
WDB Clements R Parks P Erwin et al. (1996) ArticleTitleRole of the gut in the pathophysiology of extrahepatic biliary obstruction Gut 39 587–593 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:ByiC3c%2FgtVc%3D
SD Heys F Ashkanani (1999) Glutamine. Br. J. Surg. 86 289–290 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M3hsF2nuw%3D%3D
SD Heys DB Gough L Khan et al. (1996) ArticleTitleNutritional pharmacology and malignant disease: a therapeutic modality in patients with cancer? Br. J. Surg. 83 608–619 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BymB1MnitlI%3D
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sheen-Chen, SM., Ho, HT., Chen, WJ. et al. Obstructive Jaundice Alters Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Expression in Rat Small Intestine. World J. Surg. 27, 1161–1164 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-6992-x
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-6992-x