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The Impact of Triamcinolone Acetonide in Early Breast Capsule Formation in a Rabbit Model

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Abstract

Background

The etiology and clinical treatment of capsular contracture remain unresolved as the causes may be multifactorial. Triamcinolone acetonide applied in the pocket during surgery was reported to be ineffective in prevention of capsular contracture. However, if injected 4–6 weeks after surgery or as a treatment for capsular contracture, decreased applanation tonometry measurements and pain were observed. It was assumed that intraoperative application of triamcinolone was not effective because its effect does not last long enough. However, betadine, antibiotics, and fibrin were found to be effective in preventing capsular contracture with intraoperative applications and are more effective in the early phases of wound healing than in later stages. The role of triamcinolone acetonide in capsule formation is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if triamcinolone acetonide modulates breast capsule formation or capsular contracture in the early phases of wound healing in a rabbit model.

Methods

Rabbits (n = 19) were implanted with one tissue expander and two breast implants and were killed at 4 weeks. Implant pocket groups were (1) Control (n = 10) and (2) Triamcinolone (n = 9). Pressure/volume curves and histological, immunological, and microbiological evaluations were performed. Operating room air samples and contact skin samples were collected for microbiological evaluation.

Results

In the triamcinolone group, a decreased capsular thickness, mild and mononuclear inflammation, and negative or mild angiogenesis were observed. There were no significant differences in intracapsular pressure, fusiform cell density, connective tissue, organization of collagen fibers, and microbiological results between the groups. There was no significant difference in the dialysate levels of IL-8 and TNF-α, but correlation between IL-8 and TNF-α was observed.

Conclusion

Triamcinolone acetonide during breast implantation influences early capsule formation and may reduce capsular contracture.

Level of Evidence III

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Oporto, Porto, Portugal

    Marisa Marques, Inês Correia-Sá, Acácio Gonçalves-Rodrigues & José Amarante

  2. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of São João, piso 7, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal

    Marisa Marques, Inês Correia-Sá, Acácio Gonçalves-Rodrigues & José Amarante

  3. Department of Plastic Surgery Research, Nancy L. & Perry Bass Advanced Wound Healing Laboratory, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA

    Spencer Brown

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Oporto, Porto, Portugal

    M. Natália D. S. Cordeiro

  5. Department of Pathology, Hospital of São João, Porto, Portugal

    Pedro Rodrigues-Pereira

  6. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oporto, Porto, Portugal

    Acácio Gonçalves-Rodrigues

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  1. Marisa Marques
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Correspondence to Marisa Marques.

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Marques, M., Brown, S., Correia-Sá, I. et al. The Impact of Triamcinolone Acetonide in Early Breast Capsule Formation in a Rabbit Model. Aesth Plast Surg 36, 986–994 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-012-9888-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-012-9888-z

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