Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The Effects of Increased Ischemic Times on Adipose Tissue: A Histopathologic Study Using the Epigastric Flap Model in Rats

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Little study has investigated the ischemic injury of mature adipocytes. This study researched the effects of different ischemic times on fat histology the 7th postischemic day in a rat epigastric flap model. For this study, 24 rats were randomly divided into four groups subjected, respectively, to 1, 2, 3, and 4 h of ischemia. The most severe inflammation and fat necrosis scores were seen in groups 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). According to the findings of this study, it is possible to say that fat tissue undergoes a gross necrosis after 3 or more hours of ischemia. After that ischemic time, the necrotic volume of fat tissue subjected to ischemic insult does not increase with increased ischemic time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Busic V, Dos-Gupta R, Mesic H, Begic A: The deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for breast reconstruction: The learning curve explored. J Plast Reconstr Aesth Surg 591:580–584, 2006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Coban YK, Kurutas EB, Ciralik H: Ischemia–reperfusion injury of adipofascial tissue: An experimental study evaluating early histologic and biochemical alterations in rats. Med Inflamm 5:304–308, 2005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Chun SI, Chung KY: Membranous lipodystrophy: Secondary type. J Am Acad Dermatol 31:601–605, 1994

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. El-Mrakby HH, Milner RH, Mclean NR: Supercharged pedicled TRAM flap in breast reconstruction: Is it a worthwhile procedure. Ann Plast Surg 49:252–257, 2002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Garvey PB, Buchel EW, Pockaj BA, Casey WJ III, Gray GJ, Hernandez JL, Somsa TD: DIEP and pedicled TRAM flaps: A comparision of outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg 117:1711–1719, discussion 1720–1721, 2006

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Goldberg I, Knight KR, Mahoney JE, O’Brien BM: A biochemical and histological comparision of vascularized and free fat grafts in the rabbit. Ann Plast Surg 30:334–340, 1993

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Hausberger FX: Quantitative studies on the development of autotransplants of immature adipose tissue of rats. Anat Rec 122:507, 1955

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Illouz YG: Fat injury a four-year clinical trial. In: Hetter GP (ed) Lipoplasty: The theory and practice of blunt suction lipectomy. Little Brown and Company: Boston, p. 239, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  9. Keller A: Fat necrosis in free rectus abdominis and deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 107:1611–1612, 2001

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Longer S, Sinitsina I, Bibertholer P, Krombach F, Mersner K: Revascularisation of transplanted adipose tissue: A study in the dorsal skinfold chamber of hamsters. Ann Plast Surg 48:53–59, 2002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Machinami R: Membranous lipodystrophy-like changes in ischemic necrosis of the legs. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 399:191–205, 1983

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Mascona R, Shoshani O, Lictig H, Kornelli E: Viability of adipose tissue injected and treated by different methods: An experimental study in the rat. Ann Plast Surg 33:500–506, 1994

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Mascona R, Ullman Y, Har-shai Y, et al: Free fat injections for the correction of hemifascial atrophy. Plast Reconstr Surg 84:501, 1989

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Niechajev I, Sevcuk O: Long-term results of fat transplantation:clinical and histological studies. Plast Reconst Surg 94:496, 1994

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Nishimura T, Hashimoto H, Nakanishi I, Furukowa M: Microvascular angiogenesis and apopitosis in the survival of free fat grafts. Laryngoscope 110:1333–1338, 2000

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Puyol RM, Wang CY, Gibson LE, Su WP: Lipomembranous changes in nodular cystic fat necrosis. J Cutan Pathol 22:551–555, 1995

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Sawhney CP, Benerjee TN, Chakravarti RN: Behaviour of dermal fat transplants. Br J Plast Surg 22:169, 1969

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Scholler T, Gurunluoglu R, Schubert H, Wechselberger G: Treatment of breast asymmetry with free adiposal flap from the lower abdomen: Unsuccessful attempt. Plast Reconstr Surg 112:698–700, 1969

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Smhel J: Experimental implantation of adipose tissue fragments. Br J Plast Surg 42:207–211, 1989

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Tholpady SS, Aojonepong C, Llull R, Jeong JH, Mason AC, Futrell JW, Ogle RC, Ktz AJ: The cellular plasticity of human adipocytes. Ann Plast Surg 54:651–656, 2005

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. von Heimburg D, Lemperle G, Dippe B, et al: Free transplantation of fat autografts expanded by tissue expanders in rats. Br J Plast Surg 47:470, 1994

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang HT, Hartzell T, Olbrich KC, Erdmann D, Georgiade GS: Delay of transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction: Improved flap reliability in the obese patient. Plast Reconstr Surg 116:613–618, 2005, discussion 619–620

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Wetmore SJ: Injection of fat for soft tissue augmentation. Laryngoscope 99:50–57, 1989

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic Surgery, Sutcuimam University School of Medicine, 46100, Kahramanmaras, Turkey

    Yusuf K. Coban

  2. Department of Pathology, Sutcuimam University School of Medicine, 46100, Kahramanmaras, Turkey

    Harun Ciralik

Authors
  1. Yusuf K. Coban
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Harun Ciralik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yusuf K. Coban.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Coban, Y.K., Ciralik, H. The Effects of Increased Ischemic Times on Adipose Tissue: A Histopathologic Study Using the Epigastric Flap Model in Rats. Aesth Plast Surg 31, 570–573 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-006-0196-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-006-0196-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation