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Diffusion tensor imaging of the kidney in healthy controls and in children and young adults with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

  • Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Retroperitoneum
  • Published:
Abdominal Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To compare diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the kidneys and its derived parameters in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) versus healthy controls.

Methods

In a prospective IRB-approved study, we evaluated the use of DTI to compare kidney parenchyma FA values in healthy controls (age-matched children with no history of renal disease) versus patients with ARPKD. A 20-direction DTI with b-values of b = 0 s/mm2 and b = 400 s/mm2 was used to acquire data in coronal direction using a fat-suppressed spin-echo echo-planar sequence. Diffusion Toolkit and TrackVis were used for analysis and segmentation. TrackVis was used to draw regions of interest (ROIs) covering the entire volume of the renal parenchyma, excluding the collecting system. Fibers were reconstructed using a deterministic fiber tracking algorithm. The FA values based on the ROI data, mean length, and volume of the tracks based on the fiber tracking data were recorded.

Results

Eight healthy controls (mean age = 12.9 years ± 4.0; 1/8 males) and six ARPKD participants (mean age = 13.8 years ± 8.5; 5/6 males) were included in the study. Compared to healthy controls, patients with ARPKD had significantly lower FA values (0.33 ± 0.03 vs. 0.25 ± 0.02, p = 0.002) and mean track length (16.73 ± 3.43 vs. 11.61 ± 1.29 mm, p = 0.005).

Conclusion

DTI of the kidneys shows significantly lower FA values and mean track length in children and young adults with ARPKD compared to normal subjects. DTI of the kidney offers a novel approach for characterizing renal disease based on changes in diffusion anisotropy and kidney structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Body Imaging, Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Suraj D. Serai, Hansel J. Otero, Juan S. Calle-Toro, Jeffrey I. Berman & Kassa Darge

  2. Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Erum A. Hartung

  3. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Suraj D. Serai, Hansel J. Otero, Jeffrey I. Berman, Kassa Darge & Erum A. Hartung

Authors
  1. Suraj D. Serai
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  2. Hansel J. Otero
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  3. Juan S. Calle-Toro
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  4. Jeffrey I. Berman
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  5. Kassa Darge
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  6. Erum A. Hartung
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suraj D. Serai.

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Funding

This work was partly funded by NIH grant number 5K23DK109203 (National Institutes of Health/NIDDK), PI: Erum Hartung.

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Serai, S.D., Otero, H.J., Calle-Toro, J.S. et al. Diffusion tensor imaging of the kidney in healthy controls and in children and young adults with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Abdom Radiol 44, 1867–1872 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-019-01933-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-019-01933-4

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