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Diversity and distribution of autotrophic microbial community along environmental gradients in grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau

  • Environmental biotechnology
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Abstract

Soil microbial autotrophs play a significant role in CO2 fixation in terrestrial ecosystem, particularly in vegetation-constrained ecosystems with environmental stresses, such as the Tibetan Plateau characterized by low temperature and high UV. However, soil microbial autotrophic communities and their driving factors remain less appreciated. We investigated the structure and shift of microbial autotrophic communities and their driving factors along an elevation gradient (4400–5100 m above sea level) in alpine grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau. The autotrophic microbial communities were characterized by quantitative PCR, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), and cloning/sequencing of cbbL genes, encoding the large subunit for the CO2 fixation protein ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO). High cbbL gene abundance and high RubisCO enzyme activity were observed and both significantly increased with increasing elevations. Path analysis identified that soil RubisCO enzyme causally originated from microbial autotrophs, and its activity was indirectly driven by soil water content, temperature, and NH4 + content. Soil autotrophic microbial community structure dramatically shifted along the elevation and was jointly driven by soil temperature, water content, nutrients, and plant types. The autotrophic microbial communities were dominated by bacterial autotrophs, which were affiliated with Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales, and Actinomycetales. These autotrophs have been well documented to degrade organic matters; thus, metabolic versatility could be a key strategy for microbial autotrophs to survive in the harsh environments. Our results demonstrated high abundance of microbial autotrophs and high CO2 fixation potential in alpine grassland soils and provided a novel model to identify dominant drivers of soil microbial communities and their ecological functions.

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Acknowledgments

This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41401287 to GG and 41471054 to WK), Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZZD-EW-TZ-14 and XDB15010203 to WK), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014 M550095 to GG and 2014M550849 to JL). We thank Dr. Tianxiang Luo for the thoughtful discussions and suggestions. Reagents for RubisCO enzyme activity assay were partially provided by Dr. Baichen Wang.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Guangxia Guo, Weidong Kong, Jinbo Liu, Haodong Du & Pinhua Xia

  2. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Jingxue Zhao

  3. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Xianzhou Zhang

  4. Guizhou Key Laboratory for Mountainous Environmental Information and Ecological Protection, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China

    Pinhua Xia

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  1. Guangxia Guo
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  3. Jinbo Liu
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  4. Jingxue Zhao
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Correspondence to Guangxia Guo or Weidong Kong.

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Guo, G., Kong, W., Liu, J. et al. Diversity and distribution of autotrophic microbial community along environmental gradients in grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 8765–8776 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6723-x

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