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By-products resulting from lignocellulose pretreatment and their inhibitory effect on fermentations for (bio)chemicals and fuels

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Abstract

Lignocellulose might become an important feedstock for the future development of the biobased economy. Although up to 75 % of the lignocellulose dry weight consists of sugar, it is present in a polymerized state and cannot be used directly in most fermentation processes for the production of chemicals and fuels. Several methods have been developed to depolymerize the sugars present in lignocellulose, making the sugars available for fermentation. In this review, we describe five different pretreatment methods and their effect on the sugar and non-sugar fraction of lignocellulose. For several pretreatment methods and different types of lignocellulosic biomass, an overview is given of by-products formed. Most unwanted by-products present after pretreatment are dehydrated sugar monomers (furans), degraded lignin polymers (phenols) and small organic acids. Qualitative and quantitative effects of these by-products on fermentation processes have been studied. We conclude this review by giving an overview of techniques and methods to decrease inhibitory effects of unwanted by-products.

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Acknowledgments

The writers of this article would like to thank the BE-Basic consortium, Corbion and DSM for funding this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Center, PO Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands

    Edwin C. van der Pol, Robert R. Bakker & Gerrit Eggink

  2. Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research Center, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands

    Edwin C. van der Pol & Gerrit Eggink

  3. Corbion Purac Biochem, PO Box 21, 4200 AA, Gorinchem, The Netherlands

    Peter Baets

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  1. Edwin C. van der Pol
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  2. Robert R. Bakker
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Correspondence to Edwin C. van der Pol.

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van der Pol, E.C., Bakker, R.R., Baets, P. et al. By-products resulting from lignocellulose pretreatment and their inhibitory effect on fermentations for (bio)chemicals and fuels. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98, 9579–9593 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6158-9

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