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Microarray analysis of toxicogenomic effects of triclosan on Staphylococcus aureus

  • Genomics and Proteomics
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Abstract

For the first time, a genome-wide transcriptional analysis was performed to elucidate the cellular response of Staphylococcus aureus to triclosan. Our results indicate that the effects of triclosan are widespread on metabolism, affecting many vital cellular processes. Triclosan downregulated the transcription of genes involved in virulence factor and energy metabolism such as amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid transport, and metabolism, while multidrug resistance genes, coenzyme transport, and metabolism and transcription genes were upregulated. Furthermore, triclosan downregulated the transcription of genes encoding major lipid metabolism enzymes such as 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, acetyl-CoA synthetase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which all play essential roles in S. aureus lipid metabolism. It is interesting to note that the expression of the enoyl-ACP reductase gene, fabI, was not changed after exposure of S. aureus with 0.05 μM triclosan at 10 and 60 min in our study. This work also implies that triclosan may kill S. aureus by interfering with its ability to form cell membranes. Another important implication of our result is that S. aureus may generate resistance factors under triclosan stress.

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Acknowledgements

This research is supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency Grant number T-83284001-1. Although the research described in this paper has been funded wholly by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and therefore may not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA; nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement of recommendation of use.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Biosystems Research, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Hyeung-Jin Jang & William E. Bentley

  2. School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore

    Matthew Wook Chang

  3. Microarray Research Laboratory, Biological and Economic Analysis Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Fort Meade, MD, 20755, USA

    Freshteh Toghrol

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  1. Hyeung-Jin Jang
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  2. Matthew Wook Chang
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  4. William E. Bentley
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Correspondence to Freshteh Toghrol.

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Jang, HJ., Chang, M.W., Toghrol, F. et al. Microarray analysis of toxicogenomic effects of triclosan on Staphylococcus aureus . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 78, 695–707 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1349-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1349-x

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