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Antagonistic Interactions and Biofilm Forming Capabilities Among Bacterial Strains Isolated from the Egg Surfaces of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)

  • Microbiology of Aquatic Systems
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Abstract

Characterization of interactions within a host-associated microbiome can help elucidate the mechanisms of microbial community formation on hosts and can be used to identify potential probiotics that protect hosts from pathogens. Microbes employ various modes of antagonism when interacting with other members of the community. The formation of biofilm by some strains can be a defense against antimicrobial compounds produced by other taxa. We characterized the magnitude of antagonistic interactions and biofilm formation of 25 phylogenetically diverse taxa that are representative of isolates obtained from egg surfaces of the threatened fish species lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) at two ecologically relevant temperature regimes. Eight isolates exhibited aggression to at least one other isolate. Pseudomonas sp. C22 was found to be the most aggressive strain, while Flavobacterium spp. were found to be one of the least aggressive and the most susceptible genera. Temperature affected the prevalence and intensity of antagonism. The aggressive strains identified also inhibited growth of known fish pathogens. Biofilm formations were observed for nine isolates and were dependent on temperature and growth medium. The most aggressive of the isolates disrupted biofilm formation of two well-characterized isolates but enhanced biofilm formation of a fish pathogen. Our results revealed the complex nature of interactions among members of an egg associated microbial community yet underscored the potential of specific microbial populations as host probiotics.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the hard work and dedication of our lake sturgeon field crew and colleagues: John Bauman, Katy Jay, Ryan Hastings, Jared Homola, and Edward Baker contributed to collection of gametes and hatchery operation. We thank the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, the Great Lakes Fishery Trust, Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, the Center for Water Sciences and the WaterCube program at MSU, Sustainable Michigan Environmental Program, and a US Geological Survey grant to TLM for providing funding for this project. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    M. Fujimoto, B. Lovett, R. Angoshtari, P. Nirenberg & T. L. Marsh

  2. Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    T. P. Loch

  3. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    K. T. Scribner

  4. Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    K. T. Scribner

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  1. M. Fujimoto
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Fujimoto, M., Lovett, B., Angoshtari, R. et al. Antagonistic Interactions and Biofilm Forming Capabilities Among Bacterial Strains Isolated from the Egg Surfaces of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens). Microb Ecol 75, 22–37 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-017-1013-z

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