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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pediatric neuroradiology: clinical and research applications

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) offers a unique, noninvasive approach to assess pediatric neurological abnormalities at microscopic levels by quantifying cellular metabolites. The most widely available MRS method, proton (1H; hydrogen) spectroscopy, is FDA approved for general use and can be ordered by clinicians for pediatric neuroimaging studies if indicated. There are a multitude of both acquisition and post-processing methods that can be used in the implementation of MR spectroscopy. MRS in pediatric neuroimaging is challenging to interpret because of dramatic normal developmental changes that occur in metabolites, particularly in the first year of life. Still, MRS has been proven to provide additional clinically relevant information for several pediatric neurological disease processes such as brain tumors, infectious processes, white matter disorders, and neonatal injury. MRS can also be used as a powerful quantitative research tool. In this article, specific research applications using MRS will be demonstrated in relation to neonatal brain injury and pediatric brain tumor imaging.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mike Rosol, Arabhi Nagasunder and Julia Castro. Grant support provided by NIH NINDS NS063371-01A1, Thrasher Research Fund, Ian’s Friends Foundation, Rudi Schulte Research Institute, Children’s Oncology Group, and Childrens Hospital Los Angeles GCRC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Children’s Hospital Dr., 45th St. and Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA, 15201, USA

    Ashok Panigrahy

  2. Department of Radiology, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Ashok Panigrahy, Marvin D. Nelson Jr. & Stefan Blüml

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  1. Ashok Panigrahy
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  2. Marvin D. Nelson Jr.
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  3. Stefan Blüml
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Correspondence to Ashok Panigrahy.

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Panigrahy, A., Nelson, M.D. & Blüml, S. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pediatric neuroradiology: clinical and research applications. Pediatr Radiol 40, 3–30 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-009-1450-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-009-1450-z

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