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Sodium Fluxes in Tamoatá, Hoplosternum litoralle, Exposed to Formation Water from Urucu Reserve (Amazon, Brazil)

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Abstract

Formation water (produce water or oil field brine) from oil and gas production usually has high concentrations of soluble salts and metals. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of formation water from Urucu Reserve, Amazon, on whole-body uptake and internal distribution of newly accumulated Na+ in juvenile tamoatá, Hoplosternum litoralle. Groups of fish were submitted to nine treatments for 3 h in 400-ml chambers: control (well water), 5% formation water, and well water with respective concentrations of 5% formation water of Ca2+, Fe, Mn, Ba2+, Fe + Ca2+, Mn + Ca2+, and Ba + Ca2+ added. Specimens of tamoatá exposed to 5% formation water presented a very high Na+ influx, probably due to the high Na+ levels in this water. Waterborne Fe and Mn stimulated Na+ influx, but Fe increased Na+ efflux, causing Na+ loss. Waterborne Mn, on the other hand, decreased Na+ efflux, reducing Na+ loss by this species. Waterborne Ca2+ also affected Na+ influx but had no significant effect on net Na+ fluxes. These results demonstrated that spilling of formation water in ion-poor Amazon rivers would dramatically disrupt osmoregulatory balance of tamoatá and probably other Amazon fish species, impairing their survival and reduce biodiversity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank National Research Council of Brazil (CNPq; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) for fellowships to B. Baldisserotto, L.O. Garcia, L.C. Gomes, and A.L. Val and Rio Grande do Sul State Research Foundation (FAPERGS; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Rio Grande do Sul) for financial support to B. Baldisserotto. In addition, this work was funded by CNPq and Amazonas State Research Foundation (FAPEAM; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas)–INCT ADAPTA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Bernardo Baldisserotto

  2. Estação Marinha de Aquacultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil

    Luciano O. Garcia

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA

    Ana Paula Benaduce

  4. Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Evolução Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil

    Rafael M. Duarte, Thiago L. Nascimento & Adalberto L. Val

  5. Centro Universitário Vila Velha, Vila Velha, ES, Brazil

    Levy C. Gomes & Adriana R. Chippari Gomes

Authors
  1. Bernardo Baldisserotto
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  2. Luciano O. Garcia
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  3. Ana Paula Benaduce
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  4. Rafael M. Duarte
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  5. Thiago L. Nascimento
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  6. Levy C. Gomes
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  7. Adriana R. Chippari Gomes
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  8. Adalberto L. Val
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Correspondence to Bernardo Baldisserotto.

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Baldisserotto, B., Garcia, L.O., Benaduce, A.P. et al. Sodium Fluxes in Tamoatá, Hoplosternum litoralle, Exposed to Formation Water from Urucu Reserve (Amazon, Brazil). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 62, 78–84 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9673-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9673-z

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