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Speciation of selenium in selenium-enriched seeds, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willdenow)

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Abstract

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willdenow) are widely used as food ingredients. The nutritional characteristics of these plants, i.e., high contents of proteins and amino acids suggest that selenium (Se) is preserved as selenoamino acid derivatives, in particular, selenomethionine (SeMet) in proteins, similar to selenized yeast. Therefore, buckwheat and quinoa are expected to be a good nutritional source of Se. Selenized buckwheat and quinoa were cultivated on Se-fortified soil using sparingly soluble Se salts, such as barium selenate and barium selenite. Se concentration in the edible parts of these plants was determined, and Se extraction efficiency with enzyme or alkali was evaluated. In addition, the chemical species of Se in the low molecular weight fraction of these plants were determined by HPLC-ICP-MS. Total Se concentrations in the edible parts of selenized buckwheat and quinoa were 170.4 ± 2.9 μg/g and 102.7 ± 2.4 μg/g wet weight, respectively. Thus, these selenized seeds were found to be Se accumulators. The results indicate that Se in selenized buckwheat exists mainly as SeMet, while Se in selenized quinoa exists not only as SeMet but also as selenate (Se(VI)) and non-protein forms.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (Nos. 16689005, 16209004, and 19390033), and the financial support from Agilent Technologies Foundation, USA. We also wish to thank Showa Denko for providing the HPLC system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan

    Takashi Kitaguchi, Yasumitsu Ogra & Kazuo T. Suzuki

  2. PhytoSelenium Research Laboratories, Takamori, Aso, Kumamoto, 869-1602, Japan

    Yuji Iwashita

Authors
  1. Takashi Kitaguchi
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  2. Yasumitsu Ogra
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  3. Yuji Iwashita
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  4. Kazuo T. Suzuki
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Correspondence to Yasumitsu Ogra.

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Kitaguchi, T., Ogra, Y., Iwashita, Y. et al. Speciation of selenium in selenium-enriched seeds, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willdenow). Eur Food Res Technol 227, 1455–1460 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-008-0866-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-008-0866-2

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