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Long noncoding RNAs: from genomic junk to rising stars in the early detection of cancer

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Abstract

Despite having been underappreciated in favor of their protein-coding counterparts for a long time, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as functional molecules, which defy the central dogma of molecular biology, with clear implications in cancer. Altered expression levels of some of these large transcripts in human body fluids have been related to different cancer conditions that turns them into potential noninvasive cancer biomarkers. In this review, a brief discussion about the importance and current challenges in the determination of lncRNAs associated to cancer is provided. Different electrochemical nucleic acid-based strategies for lncRNAs detection are critically described. Future perspectives and remaining challenges for the practical implementation of these methodologies in clinical medicine are also discussed.

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Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (project no. CTQ2015-63567-R, co-financed by FEDER funds).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain

    Rebeca Miranda-Castro, Noemí de-los-Santos-Álvarez & María Jesús Lobo-Castañón

  2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain

    Rebeca Miranda-Castro, Noemí de-los-Santos-Álvarez & María Jesús Lobo-Castañón

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  1. Rebeca Miranda-Castro
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  2. Noemí de-los-Santos-Álvarez
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  3. María Jesús Lobo-Castañón
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Correspondence to Rebeca Miranda-Castro.

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Published in the topical collection Young Investigators in (Bio-)Analytical Chemistry with guest editors Erin Baker, Kerstin Leopold, Francesco Ricci, and Wei Wang.

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Miranda-Castro, R., de-los-Santos-Álvarez, N. & Lobo-Castañón, M.J. Long noncoding RNAs: from genomic junk to rising stars in the early detection of cancer. Anal Bioanal Chem 411, 4265–4275 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-01607-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-01607-6

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