Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunoassays in microfluidic systems

  • Review
  • Published:
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Immunoassays have greatly benefited from miniaturization in microfluidic systems. This review, which summarizes developments in microfluidics-based immunoassays since 2000, includes four sections, focusing on the configurations of immunoassays that have been implemented in microfluidics, the main fluid handling modalities that have been used for microfluidic immunoassays, multiplexed immunoassays in microfluidic platforms, and the emergence of label-free detection techniques. The field of microfluidic immunoassays is continuously improving and has great promise for the future.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chiem N, Harrison DJ (1997) Anal Chem 69:373–378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hatch A, Kamholz AE, Hawkins KR, Munson MS, Schilling EA, Weigl BH, Yager P (2001) Nat Biotechnol 19:461–465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Yadavalli VK, Pishko MV (2004) Anal Chim Acta 507:123–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bange A, Halsall HB, Heineman WR (2005) Biosens Bioelectron 20:2488–2503

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sia SK, Whitesides GM (2003) Electrophoresis 24:3563–3576

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Lee LJ, Yang ST, Lai SY, Bai YL, Huang WC, Juang YJ (2006) Microfluidic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technology. Elsevier, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  7. Xiang Q, Hu G, Gao Y, Li D (2006) Biosens Bioelectron 21:2006–2009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Wolf M, Juncker D, Michel B, Hunziker P, Delamarche E (2004) Biosens Bioelectron 19:1193–1202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sia SK, Linder V, Parviz BA, Siegel A, Whitesides GM (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:498–502

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Yakovleva J, Davidsson R, Lobanova A, Bengtsson M, Eremin S, Laurell T, Emneus J (2002) Anal Chem 74:2994–3004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Yakovleva J, Davidsson R, Bengtsson M, Laurell T, Emneus J (2003) Biosens Bioelectron 19:21–34

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bai YL, Koh CG, Boreman M, Juang YJ, Tang IC, Lee LJ, Yang ST (2006) Langmuir 22:9458–9467

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Jonsson C, Aronsson M, Rundstrom G, Pettersson C, Mendel-Hartvig I, Bakker J, Martinsson E, Liedberg B, MacCraith B, Ohman O, Melin J (2008) Lab Chip 8:1191–1197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Yang T, Jung SY, Mao H, Cremer PS (2001) Anal Chem 73:165–169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Cannon B, Weaver N, Pu QS, Thiagarajan V, Liu SR, Huang JY, Vaughn MW, Cheng KH (2005) Langmuir 21:9666–9674

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dong Y, Phillips KS, Cheng Q (2006) Lab Chip 6:675–681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schroeder H, Adler M, Gerigk K, Muller-Chorus B, Gotz F, Niemeyer CM (2009) Anal Chem 81:1275–1279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bailey RC, Kwong GA, Radu CG, Witte ON, Heath JR (2007) J Am Chem Soc 129:1959–1967

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Sebra RP, Masters KS, Cheung CY, Bowman CN, Anseth KS (2006) Anal Chem 78:3144–3151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Sung WC, Chen HH, Makamba H, Chen SH (2009) Anal Chem 81:7967–7973

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Yang D, Niu X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Gu X, Song L, Zhao R, Ma L, Shao Y, Jiang X (2008) Adv Mater 20:4770–4775

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu Y, Yang D, Yu T, Jiang X (2009) Electrophoresis 30:3269–3275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Delehanty JB, Ligler FS (2002) Anal Chem 74:5681–5687

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Stevens DY, Petri CR, Osborn JL, Spicar-Mihalic P, McKenzie KG, Yager P (2008) Lab Chip 8:2038–2045

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Wang HX, Meng S, Guo K, Liu Y, Yang PY, Zhong W, Liu BH (2008) Electrochem Commun 10:447–450

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Gervais L, Delamarche E (2009) Lab Chip 9:3330–3337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wen X, He H, Lee LJ (2009) J Immunol Methods 350:97–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Parsa H, Chin CD, Mongkolwisetwara P, Lee BW, Wang JJ, Sia SK (2008) Lab Chip 8:2062–2070

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hofmann O, Voirin G, Niedermann P, Manz A (2002) Anal Chem 74:5243–5250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Jiang XY, Ng JMK, Stroock AD, Dertinger SKW, Whitesides GM (2003) J Am Chem Soc 125:5294–5295

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Golden JP, Floyd-Smith TM, Mott DR, Ligler FS (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:2763–2767

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Mulvaney SP, Myers KM, Sheehan PE, Whitman LJ (2009) Biosens Bioelectron 24:1109–1115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Mulvaney SP, Cole CL, Kniller MD, Malito M, Tamanaha CR, Rife JC, Stanton MW, Whitman LJ (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 23:191–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Morozov VN, Groves S, Turell MJ, Bailey C (2007) J Am Chem Soc 129:12628–12629

    Google Scholar 

  35. Lim CT, Zhang Y (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:1197–1204

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Miyaguchi H, Takahashi H, Ohashi T, Mawatari K, Iwata YT, Inoue H, Kitamori T (2009) Forensic Sci Int 184:1–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Sato K, Kitamori T (2004) J Nanosci Nanotechnol 4:575–579

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Sato K, Tokeshi M, Kimura H, Kitamori T (2001) Anal Chem 73:1213–1218

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Sato K, Tokeshi M, Odake T, Kimura H, Ooi T, Nakao M, Kitamori T (2000) Anal Chem 72:1144–1147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Sato K, Yamanaka M, Hagino T, Tokeshi M, Kimura H, Kitamori T (2004) Lab Chip 4:570–575

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Sato K, Yamanaka M, Takahashi H, Tokeshi M, Kimura H, Kitamori T (2002) Electrophoresis 23:734–739

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Moorthy J, Mensing GA, Kim D, Mohanty S, Eddington DT, Tepp WH, Johnson EA, Beebe DJ (2004) Electrophoresis 25:1705–1713

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Murakami Y, Endo T, Yamamura S, Nagatani N, Takamura Y, Tamiya E (2004) Anal Biochem 334:111–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Endo T, Okuyama A, Matsubara Y, Nishi K, Kobayashi M, Yamamura S, Morita Y, Takamura Y, Mizukami H, Tamiya E (2005) Anal Chim Acta 531:7–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Honda N, Lindberg U, Andersson P, Hoffman S, Takei H (2005) Clin Chem 51:1955–1961

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Liu WT, Zhu L, Qin QW, Zhang Q, Feng HH, Ang S (2005) Lab Chip 5:1327–1330

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Kakuta M, Takahashi H, Kazuno S, Murayama K, Ueno T, Tokeshi M (2006) Meas Sci Technol 17:3189–3194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Tsukagoshi K, Jinno N, Nakajima R (2005) Anal Chem 77:1684–1688

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Nagai H, Narita Y, Ohtaki M, Saito K, Wakida SI (2007) Anal Sci 23:975–979

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Ko YJ, Maeng JH, Ahn Y, Hwang SY, Cho NG, Lee SH (2008) Electrophoresis 29:3466–3476

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Haes AJ, Terray A, Collins GE (2006) Anal Chem 78:8412–8420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Hong JW, Chung KH, Yoon HC (2008) Analyst 133:499–504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Messina GA, Panini NV, Martinez NA, Raba J (2008) Anal Biochem 380:262–267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Lee BS, Lee JN, Park JM, Lee JG, Kim S, Cho YK, Ko C (2009) Lab Chip 9:1548–1555

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Christodoulides N, Tran M, Floriano PN, Rodriguez M, Goodey A, Ali M, Neikirk D, McDevitt JT (2002) Anal Chem 74:3030–3036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Christodoulides N, Mohanty S, Miller CS, Langub MC, Floriano PN, Dharshan P, Ali MF, Bernard B, Romanovicz D, Anslyn E, Fox PC, McDevitt JT (2005) Lab Chip 5:261–269

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Jokerst JV, Raamanathan A, Christodoulides N, Floriano PN, Pollard AA, Simmons GW, Wong J, Gage C, Furmaga WB, Redding SW, McDevitt JT (2009) Biosens Bioelectron 24:3622–3629

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Zhou L, Wang K, Tan W, Chen Y, Zuo X, Wen J, Liu B, Tang H, He L, Yang X (2006) Anal Chem 78:6246–6251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Wen JH, Yang XH, Wang KM, Tan WH, Zuo XB, Zhang H (2008) Biosens Bioelectron 23:1788–1792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Yasukawa T, Suzuki M, Sekiya T, Shiku H, Matsue T (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:2730–2736

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Holmes D, She JK, Roach PL, Morgan H (2007) Lab Chip 7:1048–1056

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Sivagnanam V, Song B, Vandevyver C, Gijs MAM (2009) Anal Chem 81:6509–6515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Sivagnanam V, Bouhmad A, Lacharme F, Vandevyver C, Gijs MAM (2009) Microelectron Eng 86:1404–1406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Lucas LJ, Han JH, Yoon JY (2006) Colloids Surf B 49:106–111

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Lucas LJ, Han JH, Chesler J, Yoon JY (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:2216–2222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Lucas LJ, Chesler JN, Yoon JY (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 23:675–681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Han JH, Kim KS, Yoon JY (2007) Anal Chim Acta 584:252–259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Heinze BC, Song JY, Lee CH, Najam A, Yoon JY (2009) Sens Actuators B 138:491–496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Pamme N, Koyama R, Manz A (2003) Lab Chip 3:187–192

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Carbonaro A, Sohn LL (2005) Lab Chip 5:1155–1160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Kim KS, Park JK (2005) Lab Chip 5:657–664

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Hahn YK, Jin Z, Kang JH, Oh E, Han MK, Kim HS, Jang JT, Lee JH, Cheon J, Kim SH, Park HS, Park JK (2007) Anal Chem 79:2214–2220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Kim JS, Anderson GP, Erickson JS, Golden JP, Nasir M, Ligler FS (2009) Anal Chem 81:5426–5432

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Yang Y, Nam SW, Lee NY, Kim YS, Park S (2008) Ultramicroscopy 108:1384–1389

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Shin KS, Lee SW, Han KC, Kim SK, Yang EK, Park JH, Ju BK, Kang JY, Kim TS (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:2261–2267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Peoples MC, Karnes HT (2008) Anal Chem 80:3853–3858

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Wang YC, Han J (2008) Lab Chip 8:392–394

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Goluch ED, Nam JM, Georganopoulou DG, Chiesl TN, Shaikh KA, Ryu KS, Barron AE, Mirkin CA, Liu C (2006) Lab Chip 6:1293–1299

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Hayes MA, Polson NA, Phayre AN, Garcia AA (2001) Anal Chem 73:5896–5902

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Huang H, Zheng XL, Zheng JS, Pan J, Pu XY (2009) Biomed Microdevices 11:213–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Cho JH, Han SM, Paek EH, Cho IH, Paek SH (2006) Anal Chem 78:793–800

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Do J, Ahn CH (2008) Lab Chip 8:542–549

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Rossier JS, Baranek S, Morier P, Vollet C, Vulliet F, De Chastonay Y, Reymond F (2008) J Assoc Lab Autom 13:322–329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Tang D, Yuan R, Chai Y (2007) Clin Chem 53:1323–1329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Thomas JH, Kim SK, Hesketh PJ, Halsall HB, Heineman WR (2004) Anal Chem 76:2700–2707

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Sista RS, Eckhardt AE, Srinivasan V, Pollack MG, Palanki S, Pamula VK (2008) Lab Chip 8:2188–2196

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Yang SY, Lien KY, Huang KJ, Lei HY, Lee GB (2008) Biosens Bioelectron 24:855–862

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Lee YF, Lien KY, Lei HY, Lee GB (2009) Biosens Bioelectron 25:745–752

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Lacharme F, Vandevyver C, Gijs MAM (2009) Microfluid Nanofluid 7:479–487

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Hatch A, Garcia E, Yager P (2004) Proc IEEE 92:126–139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Lim TK, Ohta H, Matsunaga T (2003) Anal Chem 75:3316–3321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Tachi T, Kaji N, Tokeshi M, Baba Y (2009) Lab Chip 9:966–971

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Park H, Lee M, Gi HS, Choo J, Eun KL, Joong YP, Lee S, Lee KH, Choi YW (2008) Bull Korean Chem Soc 29:1297–1298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Tachi T, Kaji N, Tokeshi M, Baba Y (2009) Anal Sci 25:149–151

    Google Scholar 

  95. Qiu CX, Harrison DJ (2001) Electrophoresis 22:3949–3958

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Colyer CL, Mangru SD, Harrison DJ (1997) J Chromatogr A 781:271–276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Chiem NH, Harrison DJ (1998) Clin Chem 44:591–598

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Cheng SB, Skinner CD, Taylor J, Attiya S, Lee WE, Picelli G, Harrison DJ (2001) Anal Chem 73:1472–1479

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Wang J, Ibanez A, Chatrathi MP (2002) Electrophoresis 23:3744–3749

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Wang J, Ibanez A, Chatrathi MP (2003) J Am Chem Soc 125:8444–8445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Wang J, Ibanez A, Chatrathi MP, Escarpa A (2001) Anal Chem 73:5323–5327

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Bromberg A, Mathies RA (2004) Electrophoresis 25:1895–1900

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Bromberg A, Mathies RA (2003) Anal Chem 75:1188–1195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Shackman JG, Munson MS, Ross D (2007) Anal Chem 79:565–571

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Reid KR, Kennedy RT (2009) Anal Chem 81:6837–6842

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Dishinger JF, Reid KR, Kennedy RT (2009) Anal Chem 81:3119–3127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Dishinger JF, Kennedy RT (2007) Anal Chem 79:947–954

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Roper MG, Shackman JG, Dahlgren GM, Kennedy RT (2003) Anal Chem 75:4711–4717

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Reichmuth DS, Wang SK, Barrett LM, Throckmorton DJ, Einfeld W, Singh AK (2008) Lab Chip 8:1319–1324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Meagher RJ, Hatch AV, Renzi RF, Singh AK (2008) Lab Chip 8:2046–2053

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Mohamadi MR, Kaji N, Tokeshi M, Baba Y (2007) Anal Chem 79:3667–3672

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Herr AE, Hatch AV, Throckmorton DJ, Tran HM, Brennan JS, Giannobile WV, Singh AK (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:5268–5273

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Herr AE, Throckmorton DJ, Davenport AA, Singh AK (2005) Anal Chem 77:585–590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Linder V (2007) Analyst 132:1186–1192

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Dodge A, Fluri K, Verpoorte E, de Rooij NF (2001) Anal Chem 73:3400–3409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Linder V, Verpoorte E, Thormann W, de Rooij NF, Sigrist M (2001) Anal Chem 73:4181–4189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Gao YL, Shermanb PM, Sun Y, Li D (2008) Anal Chim Acta 606:98–107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Hu GQ, Gao YL, Li DQ (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 22:1403–1409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Madou M, Zoval J, Jia GY, Kido H, Kim J, Kim N (2006) Annu Rev Biomed Eng 8:601–628

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Kagebayashi C, Yamaguchi I, Akinaga A, Kitano H, Yokoyama K, Satomura M, Kurosawa T, Watanabe M, Kawabata T, Chang W, Li C, Bousse L, Wada HG, Satomura S (2009) Anal Biochem 388:306–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Kawabata T, Wada HG, Watanabe M, Satomura S (2008) Electrophoresis 29:1399–1406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Miller EM, Wheeler AR (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 393:419–426

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Wheeler AR (2008) Science 322:539–540

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Abdelgawad M, Wheeler AR (2009) Adv Mater 21:920–925

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Sista R, Hua Z, Thwar P, Sudarsan A, Srinivasan V, Eckhardt A, Pollack M, Pamula V (2008) Lab Chip 8:2091–2104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Qiu X, Thompson JA, Chen Z, Liu C, Chen D, Ramprasad S, Mauk MG, Ongagna S, Barber C, Abrams WR, Malamud D, Corstjens PLAM, Bau HH (2009) Biomed Microdevices 11:1175–1186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Park SW, Lee JH, Yoon HC, Kim BW, Sim SJ, Chae H, Yang SS (2008) Biomed Microdevices 10:859–868

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Qin LD, Vermesh O, Shi QH, Heath JR (2009) Lab Chip 9:2016–2020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Henares TG, Mizutani F, Hisamoto H (2008) Anal Chim Acta 611:17–30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Kartalov EP, Zhong JF, Scherer A, Quake SR, Taylor CR, Anderson WF (2006) BioTechniques 40:85–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Lee KH, Su YD, Chen SJ, Tseng FG, Lee GB (2007) Biosens Bioelectron 23:466–472

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Kartalov EP, Lin DH, Lee DT, Anderson WF, Taylor CR, Scherer A (2008) Electrophoresis 29:5010–5016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Luo YQ, Yu F, Zare RN (2008) Lab Chip 8:694–700

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Diercks AH, Ozinsky A, Hansen CL, Spotts JM, Rodriguez DJ, Aderem A (2009) Anal Biochem 386:30–35

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Gao XH, Jiang L, Su XO, Qin JH, Lin BC (2009) Electrophoresis 30:2481–2487

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Kong J, Jiang L, Su X, Qin J, Du Y, Lin B (2009) Lab Chip 9:1541–1547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Unger MA, Chou HP, Thorsen T, Scherer A, Quake SR (2000) Science 288:113–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Quake SR, Scherer A (2000) Science 290:1536–1540

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Lu C, Xie Y, Yang Y, Cheng MMC, Koh CG, Bai Y, Lee LJ, Juang YJ (2007) Anal Chem 79:994–1001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Eriksson C, Agaton C, Kånge R, Sundberg M, Nilsson P, Ek B, Uhlén M, Gustafsson M, Hober S (2006) J Proteome Res 5:1568–1574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Lai S, Wang SN, Luo J, Lee LJ, Yang ST, Madou MJ (2004) Anal Chem 76:1832–1837

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Zimmermann M, Delamarche E, Wolf M, Hunziker P (2005) Biomed Microdevices 7:99–110

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Hosokawa K, Omata M, Sato K, Maeda M (2006) Lab Chip 6:236–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Hosokawa K, Omata M, Maeda M (2007) Anal Chem 79:6000–6004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Hosokawa K, Maeda M (2009) Lab Chip 9:464–468

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Zimmermann M, Hunziker P, Delamarche E (2009) Biomed Microdevices 11:1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  147. Ziegler J, Zimmermann M, Hunziker P, Delamarche E (2008) Anal Chem 80:1763–1769

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Kim H, Yang Y, Kim M, Nam SW, Lee KM, Lee NY, Kim YS, Park S (2007) Adv Funct Mater 17:3493–3498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Cesaro-Tadic S, Dernick G, Juncker D, Buurman G, Kropshofer H, Michel B, Fattinger C, Delamarche E (2004) Lab Chip 4:563–569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Zimmermann M, Schmid H, Hunziker P, Delamarche E (2007) Lab Chip 7:119–125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Posthuma-Trumpie GA, Korf J, van Amerongen A (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 393:569–582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Chaerkady R, Pandey A (2008) Annu Rev Pathol Mech Dis 3:485–498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Cretich M, Di Carlo G, Giudici C, Pokoj S, Lauer I, Scheurer S, Chiari M (2009) Proteomics 9:2098–2107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Heyries KA, Loughran MG, Hoffmann D, Homsy A, Blum LJ, Marquette CA (2008) Biosens Bioelectron 23:1812–1818

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Delamarche E, Bernard A, Schmid H, Michel B, Biebuyck H (1997) Science 276:779–781

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Rowe CA, Scruggs SB, Feldstein MJ, Golden JP, Ligler FS (1999) Anal Chem 71:433–439

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Bernard A, Michel B, Delamarche E (2001) Anal Chem 73:8–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Murphy BM, He XY, Dandy D, Henry CS (2008) Anal Chem 80:444–450

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Murphy BM, Dandy DS, Henry CS (2009) Anal Chim Acta 640:1–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Fan R, Vermesh O, Srivastava A, Yen BKH, Qin LD, Ahmad H, Kwong GA, Liu CC, Gould J, Hood L, Heath JR (2008) Nat Biotechnol 26:1373–1378

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Yang S, Undar A, Zahn JD (2006) Lab Chip 6:871–880

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Derveaux S, Stubbe BG, Braeckmans K, Roelant C, Sato K, Demeester J, De Smedt SC (2008) Anal Bioanal Chem 391:2453–2467

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Ko JS, Yoon HC, Yang H, Pyo HB, Chung KH, Kim SJ, Kim YT (2003) Lab Chip 3:106–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Braeckmans K, De Smedt SC, Leblans M, Pauwels R, Demeester J (2002) Nat Rev Drug Discov 1:447–456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Riegger L, Grumann M, Nann T, Riegler J, Ehlert O, Bessler W, Mittenbuehler K, Urban G, Pastewka L, Brenner T, Zengerle R, Ducree J (2006) Sens Actuators A 126:455–462

    Google Scholar 

  166. Ray CA, Bowsher RR, Smith WC, Devanarayan V, Willey MB, Brandt JT, Dean RA (2005) J Pharm Biomed Anal 36:1037–1044

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Han M, Gao X, Su JZ, Nie S (2001) Nat Biotechnol 19:631–635

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Klostranec JM, Xiang Q, Farcas GA, Lee JA, Rhee A, Lafferty EI, Perrault SD, Kain KC, Chan WCW (2007) Nano Lett 7:2812–2818

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Nam JM, Thaxton CS, Mirkin CA (2003) Science 301:1884–1886

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Stoeva SI, Lee J-S, Smith JE, Rosen ST, Mirkin CA (2006) J Am Chem Soc 128:8378–8379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Qavi AJ, Washburn AL, Byeon JY, Bailey RC (2009) Anal Bioanal Chem 394:121–135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Steiner G (2004) Anal Bioanal Chem 379:328–331

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Kanda V, Kariuki JK, Harrison DJ, McDermott MT (2004) Anal Chem 76:7257–7262

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Krishnamoorthy G, Carlen ET, Kohlheyer D, Schasfoort RBM, van den Berg A (2009) Anal Chem 81:1957–1963

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Sharpe JC, Mitchell JS, Lin L, Sedoglavich H, Blaikie RJ (2008) Anal Chem 80:2244–2249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. De Leebeeck A, Kumar LKS, de Lange V, Sinton D, Gordon R, Brolo AG (2007) Anal Chem 79:4094–4100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Ji J, O’Connell JG, Carter DJD, Larson DN (2008) Anal Chem 80:2491–2498

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Zheng GF, Patolsky F, Cui Y, Wang WU, Lieber CM (2005) Nat Biotechnol 23:1294–1301

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Wang ZH, Jin G (2003) Anal Chem 75:6119–6123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Wang ZH, Meng YH, Ying PQ, Qi C, Jin G (2006) Electrophoresis 27:4078–4085

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Markov DA, Swinney K, Bornhop DJ (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:16659–16664

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Suarez G, Jin YH, Auerswald J, Berchtold S, Knapp HF, Diserens JM, Leterrier Y, Manson JAE, Voirin G (2009) Lab Chip 9:1625–1630

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Xue CY, Khan SA, Yang KL (2009) Adv Mater 21:198–202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Burg TP, Godin M, Knudsen SM, Shen W, Carlson G, Foster JS, Babcock K, Manalis SR (2007) Nature 446:1066–1069

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Gordon R, Sinton D, Kavanagh KL, Brolo AG (2008) Acc Chem Res 41:1049–1057

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for financial support. ARW thanks the CRC for a Canada Research Chair.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada

    Alphonsus H. C. Ng & Aaron R. Wheeler

  2. The Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada

    Alphonsus H. C. Ng, Uvaraj Uddayasankar & Aaron R. Wheeler

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada

    Uvaraj Uddayasankar & Aaron R. Wheeler

Authors
  1. Alphonsus H. C. Ng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Uvaraj Uddayasankar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aaron R. Wheeler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aaron R. Wheeler.

Additional information

Alphonsus H. C. Ng and Uvaraj Uddayasankar contributed equally to this review.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ng, A.H.C., Uddayasankar, U. & Wheeler, A.R. Immunoassays in microfluidic systems. Anal Bioanal Chem 397, 991–1007 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3678-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-3678-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation