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Effects of STZ-induced diabetes and its treatment with vanadyl sulphate on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

  • Organ Toxicity and Mechanisms
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic state and the insulin-like acting, vanadyl sulphate (VS) on cyclosporine A (CyA) related nephrotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, of 12 animals each: The control, diabetic rats and diabetic rats whose drinking VS in the drinking water in a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Another three similarly treated groups were injected intra-peritoneally (ip) with CyA in a dose of 25 mg/kg/day for ten doses, 10 days after diabetic induction by using a single dose of STZ of 65 mg/kg. Rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last CyA dose and serum as well as kidneys were isolated and analyzed. Treatment with CyA to control normoglycemic rats resulted in significant increases in kidney weight, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) levels. Also, the kidney tissue of CyA-treated control animals showed significant increases in total nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) production level as well as depletion of glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity level. Histopathologic evaluation of CyA-treated control rats revealed tubular atrophy, hyaline casts and focal tubular necrosis. However, treatment of diabetic rats with CyA showed significant reduction in serum creatinine and elevation in TG level as well as reductions in the kidney NOx concentration and MDA production level and increase in GSH concentration compared to CyA-treated control rats. Moreover, histopathology of the kidney of CyA-treated diabetics showed typical changes of the diabetic controls revealing glomerular hypertrophy and tubular dilation. On the other hand, treatment with CyA to those diabetic animals administered VS in the drinking water resulted in exacerbation of renal dysfunction, manifested by significant increases in serum indices of nephrotoxicity, cholesterol, TG and bilirubin levels. Also, VS administration to CyA-treated diabetics showed significant increase in kidney NOx concentration compared to those CyA-treated diabetics drinking plain tap water, and to a level significantly lower than those CyA-treated controls. Histopathologically, kidney of CyA/VS-treated diabetic showed marked CyA related changes. In conclusion, STZ-induced diabetes might provide partial protection against CyA-induced renal dysfunction. Also, treatment of hyperglycemia with VS might exacerbate CyA related nephrotoxicity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Dr. Mouied Alashari, Pathology Department, College of medicine, King Saud University for carrying out histopathological examination of kidney tissue specimens. The study adhered to the National institutes of Health guidelines for the experimental use of animals. All animal experiments were approved by our Institutional Review Board.

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  1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Sherif Y. Saad & Tawfeeg A. O. Najjar

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  1. Sherif Y. Saad
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  2. Tawfeeg A. O. Najjar
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Correspondence to Sherif Y. Saad.

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Saad, S.Y., Najjar, T.A.O. Effects of STZ-induced diabetes and its treatment with vanadyl sulphate on cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Arch Toxicol 79, 493–499 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-005-0663-7

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