Abstract
Carotenoids are a large group of organic, pigmented, isoprenoid-type compounds that play biological activities in plants and microorganisms (yeasts, bacteria, and microalgae). Literature reported it as vitamin A precursors and antioxidant activity. Carotenoids also can act as antimicrobial agents and few reports showed quantitative measurements of Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations against different pathogens. In this sense, some carotenoids were added to medical-surgical materials. The demand for scale-up of different naturally obtained carotenoids has increased due to the concern about the detrimental health effects caused by synthetic molecules and antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we reported the variability in pigment production and culture conditions, extraction methods used in laboratory, and we discussed the antimicrobial activity carried out by these molecules and the promising acting as new molecules to be scaled-up to industry.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Crimson Interactive Pvt. Ltd. (Enago) – https://www.enago.com/es/ for their assistance in manuscript translation and editing.
Funding
This work was funded by Universidad Santiago de Cali, Colombia (grant 934–621118-8) and “Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación” MINCIENCIAS, Colombia (grant 784).
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AFVS wrote the manuscript, MRC, AFVS reviewed the manuscript (database selection, bibliographical references selection and analysis of data), MRC, contributed to the conception of the manuscript.
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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.
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Vargas-Sinisterra, A.F., Ramírez-Castrillón, M. Yeast carotenoids: production and activity as antimicrobial biomolecule. Arch Microbiol 203, 873–888 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02111-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02111-7