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Analysis of the surface proteins of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain SP5/1 and the new, pyrite-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus isolate HV2/2, and their possible involvement in pyrite oxidation

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Abstract

Two strains of rod-shaped, pyrite-oxidizing acidithiobacilli, their cell envelope structure and their interaction with pyrite were investigated in this study. Cells of both strains, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain SP5/1 and the moderately thermophilic Acidithiobacillus sp. strain HV2/2, were similar in size, with slight variations in length and diameter. Two kinds of cell appendages were observed: flagella and pili. Besides a typical Gram-negative cell architecture with inner and outer membrane, enclosing a periplasm, both strains were covered by a hitherto undescribed, regularly arranged 2-D protein crystal with p2-symmetry. In A. ferrooxidans, this protein forms a stripe-like structure on the surface. A similar surface pattern with almost identical lattice vectors was also seen on the cells of strain HV2/2. For the surface layer of both bacteria, a direct contact to pyrite crystals was observed in ultrathin sections, indicating that the S-layer is involved in maintaining this contact site. Observations on an S-layer-deficient strain show, however, that cell adhesion does not strictly depend on the presence of the S-layer and that this surface protein has an influence on cell shape. Furthermore, the presented data suggest the ability of the S-layer protein to complex Fe3+ ions, suggesting a role in the physiology of the microorganisms.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank H. Op den Camp, V. Menath, C. Neuner, B. Salecker, and A. Zenker for technical assistance and contribution to this paper. We also wish to thank R. Witzgall and G. Schmalz for support and A. Probst and D. Näther for carefully reading the manuscript. A.K., H.H., G.S., M.T., and R.R. were supported by a grant of the DFG (TH 422/9-1/2).

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  1. Centre for Electron Microscopy at the Institute for Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Andreas Klingl & Reinhard Rachel

  2. Institute for Microbiology and Archaea Center, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Harald Huber & Michael Thomm

  3. Biocentre, University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Munich, Germany

    Gerhard Wanner

  4. Centre for EM at the Institute of Physics, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Josef Zweck

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  1. Andreas Klingl
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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

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Klingl, A., Moissl-Eichinger, C., Wanner, G. et al. Analysis of the surface proteins of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain SP5/1 and the new, pyrite-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus isolate HV2/2, and their possible involvement in pyrite oxidation. Arch Microbiol 193, 867–882 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-011-0720-y

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