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Adipokines may mediate the relationship between resting metabolic rates and bone mineral densities in obese women

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Abstract

Summary

The researchers sought to test the possible link between resting metabolic rate and bone mineral density through four adipokines. Participants with lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) per kilogram demonstrated higher total bone mineral density (BMD), total T-score, and total Z-score. Omentin-1 had a mediatory effect on the relationship between RMR/kg of body weight and bone parameters.

Introduction

The previous results of studies regarding the links between obesity and bone health are controversial. For this reason, the researchers sought to test the possible link between RMR and BMD through the following four adipokines: vaspin, retinol binding protein 4, angiopoietin-like 6 (ANGPL6), and omentin-1.

Methods

We enrolled 312 obese Iranian women (30 ≤ body mass index <40) in this cross-sectional study. In order to examine the association of serum adipokine levels with RMR and BMD, the participants were grouped based on RMR per body weight. Body composition, dietary intake, bone mineral density, and resting metabolic rate were assessed in all participants. Serum adipokine levels were quantified by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.

Results

Low levels of RMR/kg were strongly associated with higher weight, body mass index, fat mass, and visceral fat levels. In fact, participants with an RMR/kg of body weight <20 kcal/24 h/kg were more obese (p < 0.05). Another noteworthy finding was that participants with lower RMR/kg demonstrated higher total BMD, total T-score, and total Z-score. Our results showed that omentin-1 had a mediatory effect on the relationship between RMR per kilogram of body weight and bone parameters (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, other adipokines such as vaspin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), and ANGPL6 did not affect the relationship between RMR and BMD (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The inhibitory effect of omentin-1 on TNF-alpha seems to be able to reduce the amount of circulating leptin as adipokine, affecting energy expenditure and improving bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and controlled effect of RMR on BMD.

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Abbreviations

BH:

Body height

BMI:

Body mass index

BIA:

Bioelectrical impedance analysis

BMD:

Bone mineral density

BW:

Body weight

RMR:

Resting metabolic rate

DXA:

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

EDTA:

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

EMRI:

Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute

FBS:

Fasting blood glucose

FFM:

Fat-free mass

FM:

Fat mass

LRMs:

Linear regression models

hs-CRP:

Hypersensitive C-reactive protein

IL6:

Interleukin-6

IL4:

Interleukin-4

IL10:

Interleukin-10

PTH:

Parathyroid hormone

TBW:

Total body water

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

3DR:

Three-day dietary recall

COX:

Cyclooxygenase

ANGPTL6:

Angiopoietin-related growth factor 6

RBP4:

Retinol-binding protein 4

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the directors of the Osteoporosis Research Center (ORC), the Endocrine Diseases and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, for allowing them to conduct the comparative cross-sectional study for the purpose of evaluating BMD and RMR association. This study was supported by an ORC grant and research grants from Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Grant IDs 91-02-27-18041 and 94-01-161-28473).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrine Diseases and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    S. Moradi

  2. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Campus (TUMS-IC), Tehran, Iran

    S. Moradi & A. A. Abdurahman

  3. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran

    K. Mirzaei

  4. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

    S. A. Keshavarz

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  1. S. Moradi
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  4. S. A. Keshavarz
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Correspondence to K. Mirzaei.

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The study was approved by the local ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Ethics Committee number 91-02-27-18041-69439).

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Moradi, S., Mirzaei, K., Abdurahman, A.A. et al. Adipokines may mediate the relationship between resting metabolic rates and bone mineral densities in obese women. Osteoporos Int 28, 1619–1629 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-017-3914-6

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