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Prediction of fluid responsiveness in severe preeclamptic patients with oliguria

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Abstract

Purpose

Because severe preeclampsia (SP) may be associated with acute pulmonary oedema, fluid responsiveness needs to be accurately predicted. Passive leg raising (PLR) predicts fluid responsiveness. PLR has never been reported during pregnancy. Our first aim was to determine the percentage of SP patients with oliguria increasing their stroke volume after fluid challenge. Our second aim was to assess the accuracy of PLR to predict fluid responsiveness in those patients.

Methods

Patients with SP were prospectively included in the study. In the subgroup developing oliguria, transthoracic echocardiography was performed at baseline, during PLR and after a 500 ml fluid infusion over 15 min. Fluid responders were defined by a 15 % increase of stroke volume index. Five consecutive measurements were averaged for all parameters.

Results

Twenty-three (56 %) out of 41 patients with SP developed oliguria, 12 (52 %) out of these 23 responded to fluid challenge. During PLR, an increase of the velocity time integral of subaortic blood flow (ΔVTI) above 12 % predicted the response with a sensitivity and specificity of 75 [95 % confident interval (CI): 0.42–0.95] and 100 % (95 % CI: 0.72–1.00), respectively. An algorithm combining ΔVTI and the baseline value of VTI predicted fluid responsiveness with a sensitivity and specificity of 100 % (95 % CI: 0.74–1.00) and (95 % CI: 0.75–1.00). Urine output and respiratory variations of inferior vena cava diameter did not predict fluid responsiveness.

Conclusions

Only 52 % of oliguric patients were responders. PLR accurately predicts fluid responsiveness in the specific setting of SP. This noninvasive test should be tested in future algorithms for the management of SP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service d’anesthésie et de réanimation, Hôpital Nord, Aix Marseille University, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France

    Clément Brun, Laurent Zieleskiewicz, Julien Textoris, Jean-Pierre Bellefleur, François Antonini, Maxime Tourret, Denis Ortega, Armand Vellin, Claude Martin & Marc Leone

  2. Service de gynécologie et d’obstétrique, Hôpital Nord, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France

    Léon Boubli & Florence Bretelle

  3. Division Anesthésie Réanimation Douleur Urgences, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Caremeau, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France

    Laurent Muller & Jean-Yves Lefrant

Authors
  1. Clément Brun
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  2. Laurent Zieleskiewicz
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  3. Julien Textoris
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  4. Laurent Muller
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  5. Jean-Pierre Bellefleur
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  13. Claude Martin
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  14. Marc Leone
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marc Leone.

Additional information

For the AzuRea Group.

C. Brun and L. Zieleskiewicz contributed equally to this work.

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Brun, C., Zieleskiewicz, L., Textoris, J. et al. Prediction of fluid responsiveness in severe preeclamptic patients with oliguria. Intensive Care Med 39, 593–600 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2770-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-012-2770-2

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