Abstract
Key message
The calibration data for genomic prediction should represent the full genetic spectrum of a breeding program. Data heterogeneity is minimized by connecting data sources through highly related test units.
Abstract
One of the major challenges of genome-enabled prediction in plant breeding lies in the optimum design of the population employed in model training. With highly interconnected breeding cycles staggered in time the choice of data for model training is not straightforward. We used cross-validation and independent validation to assess the performance of genome-based prediction within and across genetic groups, testers, locations, and years. The study comprised data for 1,073 and 857 doubled haploid lines evaluated as testcrosses in 2 years. Testcrosses were phenotyped for grain dry matter yield and content and genotyped with 56,110 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Predictive abilities strongly depended on the relatedness of the doubled haploid lines from the estimation set with those on which prediction accuracy was assessed. For scenarios with strong population heterogeneity it was advantageous to perform predictions within a priori defined genetic groups until higher connectivity through related test units was achieved. Differences between group means had a strong effect on predictive abilities obtained with both cross-validation and independent validation. Predictive abilities across subsequent cycles of selection and years were only slightly reduced compared to predictive abilities obtained with cross-validation within the same year. We conclude that the optimum data set for model training in genome-enabled prediction should represent the full genetic and environmental spectrum of the respective breeding program. Data heterogeneity can be reduced by experimental designs that maximize the connectivity between data sources by common or highly related test units.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Daniel Gianola, Sofia daSilva, and Torben Schulz-Streeck for helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank Ruedi Fries and Hubert Pausch for processing of SNP arrays. This research was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the AgroClustEr “Synbreed—Synergistic plant and animal breeding” (FKZ: 0315528A).
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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The authors declare that the experiments comply with the current laws of Germany.
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Communicated by J. Crossa.
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Albrecht, T., Auinger, HJ., Wimmer, V. et al. Genome-based prediction of maize hybrid performance across genetic groups, testers, locations, and years. Theor Appl Genet 127, 1375–1386 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2305-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2305-z