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Genetic map-based location of the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) gametophytic self-incompatibility locus

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Abstract

Red clover is a hermaphroditic allogamous diploid (2n = 2x = 14) with a homomorphic gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system (Trifolium pratense L.). Red clover GSI has long been studied, and it is thought that the genetic control of GSI constitutes a single locus. Although GSI genes have been identified in other species, the genomic location of the red clover GSI-locus remains unknown. The objective of this study was to use a mapping-based approach to identify simple sequence repeats (SSR) that were closely linked to the GSI-locus. Previously published SSR markers were used in this effort (Sato et al. in DNA Res 12:301–364, 2005). A bi-parental cross was initiated in which the parents were known to have one self-incompatibility allele (S-allele) in common. S-allele genotypes of 100 progeny were determined through test crosses and pollen compatibility. Pseudo F1 linkage analysis isolated the GSI-locus on red clover linkage-group one within 2.5 cM of markers RCS5615, RCS0810, and RCS3161. A second 256 progeny mapping testcross population of a heterozygous self-compatible mutant revealed that this specific self-compatible mutant mapped to the same location as the GSI-locus. Finally, 82 genotypes were identified whose parents putatively shared one S-allele in common from maternal halfsib families derived from two random mating populations in which paternal identity was determined using molecular markers. Unique S-allele identity in the two random mating populations was tentatively inferred based on haplotypes of two highly allelic linkage-group one SSR (RCS0810 and RCS4956), which were closely linked to each other and the GSI-locus. Paternally derived pollen haplotype linkage analysis of RCS0810 and RCS4956 SSR and the GSI-locus again revealed tight linkage at 2.5 and 4.7 cM between the GSI-locus and RCS0810 and RCS4956, respectively. The map-based location of the GSI-locus in red clover has many immediate applications to red clover plant breeding and could be useful in helping to sequence the GSI-locus.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the greenhouse and field technical support of Rebecca J. Heidelberger and technical lab support of Karolina Heyduk.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Heathcliffe Riday

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA

    Andrew L. Krohn

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  1. Heathcliffe Riday
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  2. Andrew L. Krohn
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Correspondence to Heathcliffe Riday.

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Communicated by Y. Xue.

Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.

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Riday, H., Krohn, A.L. Genetic map-based location of the red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) gametophytic self-incompatibility locus. Theor Appl Genet 121, 761–767 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-010-1347-0

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