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Physical, mechanical and thermal properties of cross laminated timber made with coconut wood

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Abstract

The fundamental material properties of coconut wood cross-laminated timber (CLT) were experimentally evaluated with a focus on the effect of the lamination density. Considering the significant density variations across the coconut trunks, the CLT specimens were manufactured using the coconut wood laminations of four density ranges: 655 ± 31 kg/m3, 741 ± 23 kg/m3, 851 ± 49 kg/m3, and 972 ± 30 kg/m3. The average bonding shear strength (5.2–9.1 MPa), compressive strength (33.1–56.7 MPa), and thermal conductivity (0.153–0.264 W/m K) of coconut CLT specimens increased with their density. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity of the proposed CLT was explored. The thermal conductivity of the coconut CLT linearly increased with the heating temperatures regardless of its density. In contrast, the thickness swelling properties were found to be roughly similar among the produced CLT panels (2.4 ± 0.6%), while the average water absorption percentages (11–20%) were inversely related against the density. Considering that the average compressive strengths of coconut CLT panel were approximately twice larger than those of conventional softwood CLTs, while their highest thermal conductivity was still less than the half of structural concrete’s lowest thermal conductivity, the coconut wood CLT could be potentially used in exterior wall systems from the structural and energy perspectives.

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Acknowledgements

This work was conducted as part of the “Sustainable Raw Material Management Thematic Network—RING 2017”, EFOP-3.6.2-16-2017-00010 project in the framework of the Szechenyi 2020 Program which is supported by the European Union, co-financed by the European Social Fund. This publication is a partial contribution of the Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University. The authors also wish to acknowledge the support of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Research, Education, and Economics (REE), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Administrative and Financial Management (AFM), Financial Management and Accounting Division (FMAD) Grants and Agreements Management Branch (GAMB), under Agreement No. 58-0204-6-001 and McIntire-Stennis project under accession number 1014025. This research is also supported by the New Strategic Research (P2P) Project (Grant no. CGS-P2P-2564-027), Walailak University, Thailand. The authors would also like to thank AICA Co., Ltd., Songkhla, Thailand for providing melamine urea formaldehyde adhesives for the experiment.

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Author notes

  1. Hyungsuk Lim

    Present address: School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence in Wood and Biomaterials, Walailak University, Thasala district, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand

    Suthon Srivaro & Jaipet Tomad

  2. School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand

    Suthon Srivaro

  3. Center of Excellence On Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Suthon Srivaro

  4. Innovation Center, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary

    Zoltán Pásztory & Hung Anh Le Duong

  5. Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, 201 Locksley Way, Starkville, MS, 39759, USA

    Hyungsuk Lim

  6. Faculty of Industrial Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Meaung district, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80280, Thailand

    Sataporn Jantawee

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  1. Suthon Srivaro
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Correspondence to Suthon Srivaro.

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Srivaro, S., Pásztory, Z., Le Duong, H.A. et al. Physical, mechanical and thermal properties of cross laminated timber made with coconut wood. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 79, 1519–1529 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-021-01741-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-021-01741-y

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