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Somatopsychische Komorbidität

Definition und Verständnis

Somatic-psychiatric comorbidity

Definition and basic concept

  • Leitthema
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Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Patienten mit einer langen und umfangreichen Krankheitsgeschichte und mehreren Erkrankungen sind zunehmend die Regel in der Patientenversorgung. Zur Beschreibung dieser Patientenpopulation hat sich der Begriff „Komorbidität“ etabliert. Im vorliegenden Beitrag erfolgt eine Definition und Beschreibung des Konstruktes „Komorbidität“. Hierbei wird insbesondere auf Besonderheiten der somatopsychischen Komorbidität eingegangen, die vorliegt, wenn Patienten somatische Erkrankungen und psychische Störungen aufweisen. Die Beschreibung des Konstruktes „Komorbidität“ umfasst eine Abgrenzung des Begriffes gegenüber den verwandten Konstrukten „Multimorbidität“, „Krankheitsbelastung“ und „Patientenkomplexität“ sowie eine Subkategorisierung unterscheidbarer Komorbiditätsarten. In Bezug auf die Messung von Komorbidität werden Möglichkeiten aufgeführt, Komorbiditäten zu einem Gesamtscore zu aggregieren. Abschließend werden Besonderheiten somatopsychischer Komorbiditätsforschung kritisch diskutiert.

Abstract

Patients with a complex history of illness and multiple diseases are increasingly the rule rather than the exception. To describe these patients, the term comorbidity is frequently used. The present overview provides a definition and description of the construct comorbidity. Thereby, the overview focuses on specifics of somatic-psychiatric comorbidities. The description of comorbidity comprises definition of the term against the similar constructs multimorbidity, burden of illness, and patient complexity as well as a subcategorization of types of comorbidity. With regard to measuring comorbidity, possibilities of aggregating comorbidities into a single sum score are presented. Finally, specific aspects of somatic–psychiatric comorbidity are critically discussed.

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Baumeister, H., Kury, S. & Bengel, J. Somatopsychische Komorbidität. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 54, 9–14 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-010-1179-8

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