Abstract
Background and purpose
Three doses were compared for local control of irradiated metastases, freedom from new brain metastases, and survival in patients receiving stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone for one to three newly diagnosed brain metastases.
Patients and methods
In all, 134 patients were assigned to three groups according to the SRS dose given to the margins of the lesions: 13–16 Gy (n = 33), 18 Gy (n = 18), and 20 Gy (n = 83). Additional potential prognostic factors were evaluated: age (≤ 60 vs. > 60 years), gender, Karnofsky Performance Scale score (70–80 vs. 90–100), tumor type (non-small-cell lung cancer vs. melanoma vs. others), number of brain metastases (1 vs. 2–3), lesion size (< 15 vs. ≥ 15 mm), extracranial metastases (no vs. yes), RPA class (1 vs. 2), and interval of cancer diagnosis to SRS (≤ 24 vs. > 24 months).
Results
For 13–16 Gy, 18 Gy, and 20 Gy, the 1-year local control rates were 31, 65, and 79 %, respectively (p < 0.001). The SRS dose maintained significance on multivariate analysis (risk ratio: 2.25; 95 % confidence interval: 1.56–3.29; p < 0.001). On intergroup comparisons of local control, 20 Gy was superior to 13–16 Gy (p < 0.001) but not to 18 Gy (p = 0.12); 18 Gy showed a strong trend toward better local control when compared with 13–16 Gy (p = 0.059). Freedom from new brain metastases (p = 0.57) and survival (p = 0.15) were not associated with SRS dose in the univariate analysis.
Conclusion
SRS doses of 18 Gy and 20 Gy resulted in better local control than 13–16 Gy. However, 20 Gy and 18 Gy must be compared again in a larger cohort of patients. Freedom from new brain metastases and survival were not associated with SRS dose.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Drei Dosislevel bei der alleinigen stereotaktischen Radiochirurgie (SRS) von 1 bis 3 neu diagnostizierten Hirnmetastasen wurden hinsichtlich lokaler Kontrolle der bestrahlten Metastasen, Nichtauftreten neuer Hirnmetastasen und Gesamtüberleben verglichen.
Material und Methoden
Nach der am Rand der Metastasen applizierten SRS-Dosis wurden 134 Patienten den Gruppen 13–16 Gy (n = 33), 18 Gy (n = 18) und 20 Gy (n = 83) zugeteilt. Weitere mögliche Prognosefaktoren wurden untersucht: Alter (≤ 60 vs. > 60 Jahre), Geschlecht, Karnofsky-Performance-Score (KPS 70–80 vs. 90–100), Primärtumor (nichtkleinzelliges Bronchialkarzinom vs. Melanom vs. andere), Anzahl der Hirnmetastasen (1 vs. 2–3), Größe der Läsionen (< 15 vs. ≥ 15 mm), extrakranielle Metastasen (nein vs. ja), RPA-Klasse (1 vs. 2) und Intervall von der Erstdiagnose der Tumorerkrankung bis zur SRS (≤ 24 vs. > 24 Monate).
Ergebnisse
In den 3 Gruppen 13–16 Gy, 18 Gy und 20 Gy betrugen die Raten für die lokale Kontrolle nach 1 Jahr 31 %, 65 % und 79 % (p < 0,001). Die SRS-Dosis war auch in der multivariaten Analyse signifikant (Risk-Ratio: 2,25; 95 % CI 1,56–3,29; p < 0,001). Nach den Vergleichen zwischen den Gruppen hinsichtlich der lokalen Kontrolle war 20 Gy signifikant 13–16 Gy überlegen (p < 0,001), nicht jedoch 18 Gy (p = 0,12). Der Vergleich 18 Gy vs. 13–16 Gy ergab einen deutlichen Trend zugunsten von 18 Gy (p = 0,059). Das Nichtauftreten neuer Hirnmetastasen (p = 0,57) und das Gesamtüberleben (p = 0,15) waren in der univariaten Analyse nicht mit der SRS-Dosis assoziiert.
Schlussfolgerung
SRS-Dosen von 20 Gy und 18 Gy waren mit einer besseren lokalen Kontrolle assoziiert als 13–16 Gy. 20 Gy und 18 Gy müssen erneut in einer größeren Patientenkohorte verglichen werden. Das Nichtauftreten neuer Hirnmetastasen und das Gesamtüberleben waren nicht mit der SRS-Dosis assoziiert.
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Conflict of interest
D. Rades, D. Hornung, O. Blanck, K. Martens, M. Trong Khoa, N. Thuy Trang, M. Hüppe, P. Terheyden, J. Gliemroth, and S. E. Schild state that there are no conflicts of interest.
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Rades, D., Hornung, D., Blanck, O. et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for newly diagnosed brain metastases. Strahlenther Onkol 190, 786–791 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-014-0625-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-014-0625-1
Keywords
- Brain metastases
- Stereotactic radiosurgery dose
- Local control
- Freedom from new brain metastases
- Survival