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Testing the native invasion hypothesis to explain anthropogenic influence on stream fish assemblages

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Abstract

In communities or regions where non-native fish species still do not predominate, changes in the assemblage composition are driven by loss, gain or substitution by native species only. We investigated the native invasion hypothesis in small streams, in which human modifications may influence fish assemblage composition by boosting the expansion and establishment of widespread species, as well as of species commonly found in large streams and rivers. Fish community data from 54 lowland streams from South Brazil were used to investigate this hypothesis. We found a positive relationship between cropland cover at the catchment scale and the dominance of fish species that commonly inhabit large streams or rivers (inferred on museum records). We also observed a weak and negative relationship between site elevation and the percentage of widely distributed species in fish assemblages. Our results partly support the hypothesis of native invasion in lowland streams, but the low explanatory power of the models suggests that it is less pronounced compared to highland streams. Our results contribute to understand inconsistencies among studies on the effects of land use on stream fish assemblages using traditional metrics (alpha and beta diversities). For instance, land use can initially increase fish species richness in small streams by favouring the occurrence and establishment of fish species common to rivers. In this sense, alternative metrics that consider specific changes in native species distribution, such as proliferation of common species, should be used to better assess the mechanisms that drive changes in communities of aquatic ecosystems.

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Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to people that assisted us in the field sampling: T. Guimarães, C. Hartmann, M. Camana, M. Dalmolin, L. de Fries, B.A. Meneses, L.R. Podgaiski, V. Bastazini, V. Lampert, M. Santos, K.O. Bonato and R.A. Silveira. We also thank J. Ferrer and L.R. Malabarba for their assistance with species identification. Fish sampling was authorized by Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio; SISBIO #39672-1) and followed Brazilian ethical guidelines for using animals in research (permit CEUA-UFRGS; #24433). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001 (postdoctoral fellowship to RBD-C). ASM and FBT were supported by productivity fellowships of CNPq (procs 307587/2017-7 and 302158/2015-4, respectively). This research was funded by CNPq (proc. 457503/2012-2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, CEP74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil

    Renato Bolson Dala-Corte

  2. Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil

    Adriano Sanches Melo

  3. Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Fernando Gertum Becker

  4. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Câmpus de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, 75132-903, Anápolis, GO, Brazil

    Fabrício Barreto Teresa

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  1. Renato Bolson Dala-Corte
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Correspondence to Renato Bolson Dala-Corte.

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Dala-Corte, R.B., Melo, A.S., Becker, F.G. et al. Testing the native invasion hypothesis to explain anthropogenic influence on stream fish assemblages. Aquat Sci 81, 66 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-019-0663-y

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