Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Thamnomyces (Xylariaceae)

  • Full Paper
  • Published:
Mycoscience

Abstract

The tropical genus Thamnomyces is characterized by having wiry, black, brittle stromata and early deliquescent asci, lacking an amyloid apical apparatus. Thamnomyces is regarded as a member of the Xylariaceae because the morphology of its ascospores and the anamorphic structures are typical for this family. However, its relationship to other xylariaceous genera remained to be clarified. Cultures of three Thamnomyces species were obtained and studied for morphological characters, and their secondary metabolite profiles as inferred from high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric and diode array detection (HPLC–MS/DAD) were also compared. Cultures of Thamnomyces closely resembled those of the genera Daldinia and Phylacia and even produced several secondary metabolite families that are known to be chemotaxonomic markers for the aforementioned genera. These findings were corroborated by a comparison of their 5.8S/ITS nrDNA sequences. We conclude that Thamnomyces, Daldinia, and Phylacia are derived from the same evolutionary lineage, despite these genera differing drastically in their stromatal morphology and anatomy. Along with Entonaema and Rhopalostoma, these fungi comprise an evolutionarily derived lineage of the hypoxyloid Xylariaceae. A new species of Thamnomyces is erected, and preliminary descriptions of three further, potentially new taxa are also provided.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allport DC, Bu’Lock JD (1958) The pigmentation and cell-wall material of Daldinia sp. J Chem Soc 1958:4090–4094

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allport DC, Bu’Lock JD (1960) Biosynthetic pathways in Daldinia concentrica. J Chem Soc 1960:654–659

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bell AA, Wheeler MH (1986) Biosynthesis and functions of fungal melanins. Annu Rev Phytopathol 24:411–451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berkeley MJ (1856) Decades of fungi. Decades LXI–LXII. Rio Negro fungi. J Bot (Hooker) 8:272–280

    Google Scholar 

  • Bitzer J, Köpcke B, Stadler M, Hellwig V, Ju YM, Seip S, Henkel T (2007) Accelerated dereplication of natural products, supported by reference libraries. Chimia 51:332–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bitzer J, Læssøe T, Fournier J, Kummer V, Decock C, Tichy HV, Piepenbring M, Peršoh D, Stadler M (2008) Affinities of Phylacia and the daldinoid Xylariaceae, inferred from chemotypes of cultures and ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycol Res 112:251–270

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butler MJ, Day AW (1998) Fungal melanins: a review. Can J Microbiol 44:1115–1136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke MC (1888) Some exotic fungi. Grevillea 16(79):69–72

    Google Scholar 

  • de Meijer AAR (2006) Preliminary list of the macromycetes from the Brazilian state of Paraná. Bol Mus Bot Municipal 68:1–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis RWG (1957) Further notes on tropical American Xylariaceae. Kew Bull 12:297–332

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis RWG (1961) Xylarioideae and Thamnomycetoideae of Congo. Bull Jard Bot Etat Bruxelles 31:109–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis RWG (1970) Fungus flora of Venezuela and adjacent countries. Kew Bull Additional Series 3. Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrenberg CG (1820) Fungos a viro clarissimo Adelberto de Chamisso sub auspiciis romanzoffianis in itinere circa terrarum globum collectos enumeravit novosque descripsit et pinxit Dr. C.G. Ehrenberg. In: Nees von Esenbeck (ed) Horae Physicae Berolinenses. Bonn, pp 77–104

  • Fries EM (1830) Eclogae fungorum, praecipue ex herbariis germanorum de scriptorum. Linnaea 5:497–553

    Google Scholar 

  • Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y (1998) Biologically active substances of Japanese inedible mushrooms. Heterocycles 47:1110–1121

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawksworth DL (1977) Rhopalostroma, a new genus in the Xylariaceae s. l. Kew Bull 31:421–431

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hawksworth DL, Whalley AJS (1985) A new species of Rhopalostroma with a Nodulisporium anamorph from Thailand. Trans Br Mycol Soc 84:560–562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hellwig V, Ju YM, Rogers JD, Fournier J, Stadler M (2005) Hypomiltin, a novel azaphilone from Hypoxylon hypomiltum, and chemotypes in Hypoxylon sect. Hypoxylon as inferred from analytical HPLC profiling. Mycol Prog 4:39–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hennings P (1897) Fungi camerunenses. Engler’s Bot Jahrb 23:539–547

    Google Scholar 

  • Hennings P (1901) Fungi camerunenses novi. III. Engler’s Bot Jahrb 30:39–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Hennings P (1902) Fungi blumenaviensis I, a cl. Alfr. Möller lecti. Hedwigia 41:1–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Hennings P (1904) Fungi amazonici II, a cl. Ernesto Ule collecti. Hedwigia 43:242–273

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmeister D, Keller NP (2007) Natural products of filamentous fungi: enzymes, genes, and their regulation. Nat Prod Rep 24:393–416

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsieh HM, Ju YM, Rogers JD (2005) Molecular phylogeny of Hypoxylon and closely related genera. Mycologia 97:914–923

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ju YM, Rogers JD (1996) A revision of the genus Hypoxylon. Mycologia memoir no. 20. APS Press, St. Paul

    Google Scholar 

  • Ju YM, Rogers JD, San Martín F (1997) A revision of the genus Daldinia. Mycotaxon 61:243–293

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayasi Y (1982) Some pyrenomycetous fungi found in the Amazon district. Trans Mycol Soc Jpn 23:111–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Læssøe T (1994) Index ascomycetum 1. Xylariaceae. Syst Ascomycetum 13:43–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd CG (1917) Synopsis of some genera of the large pyrenomycetes. Mycol Writ 5:1–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd CG (1920) Mycological notes 62. Mycol Writ 6:904–944

    Google Scholar 

  • Medel R, Rogers JD, Guzman G (2006) Phylacia mexicana sp. nov. and consideration of other species with emphasis on Mexico. Mycotaxon 97:279–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Möller A (1901) Phycomyceten und Ascomyceten, Untersuchungen aus Brasilien. Bot. Mitth. Tropen 9. Fischer, Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Montagne JFC (1840) Séconde centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles. Décades III, IV et V. Ann Sci Nat Bot Sér II 13:339–359

    Google Scholar 

  • Peláez F, González V, Platas G, Sánchez-Ballesteros J, Rubio V (2008) Molecular phylogenetic studies within the family Xylariaceae based on ribosomal DNA sequences. Fungal Divers 31:111–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Peršoh D, Melcher M, Graf K, Fournier J, Stadler M, Rambold G (2009) Molecular and morphological evidence for the delimitation of Xylaria hypoxylon. Mycologia 101:256–268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petrini LE, Müller E (1986) Haupt- und Nebenfruchtformen europäischer Hypoxylon-Arten (Xylariaceae, Sphaeriales) und verwandter Pilze. Mycol Helv 1:501–627

    Google Scholar 

  • Quang DN, Hashimoto T, Nomura Y, Wollweber H, Hellwig V, Fournier J, Stadler M, Asakawa Y (2005) Cohaerins A and B, azaphilones from the fungus Hypoxylon cohaerens, and comparison of HPLC-based metabolite profiles in Hypoxylon sect. Annulata. Phytochemistry 65:797–809

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rayner RW (1970) A mycological colour chart. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew and British Mycological Society

  • Rodrigues KF, Samuels GJ (1989) Studies in the genus Phylacia (Xylariaceae). Mem N Y Bot Gard 49:290–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers JD (1979) The Xylariaceae: systematic, biological and evolutionary aspects. Mycologia 71:1–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers JD (2000) Thoughts and musings about tropical Xylariaceae. Mycol Res 104:1412–1420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saccardo PA (1882) Sylloge fungorum omnium hucusque cognitorum. I. Patavii (Typis Seminarii)

  • Samuels GJ, Müller E (1980) Life history studies of Brazilian ascomycetes. 8. Thamnomyces chordalis (anam. Nodulisporium) and Camillea bacillum (anam. Geniculosporium) with notes on the taxonomy of the Xylariaceae. Sydowia 32:277–292

    Google Scholar 

  • San Martín Gonzalez F, Rogers JD (1995) Rosellinia and Thamnomyces in Mexico. Mycotaxon 52:115–127

    Google Scholar 

  • Speer EO (1980) Recherches sur la position systématique du genre Phylacia (Phylaciaceae, fam. nov.), et description de deux espéces nouvelles. Bull Trimest Soc Mycol Fr 96:135–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Fournier J (2006) Pigment chemistry, taxonomy and phylogeny of the Hypoxyloideae (Xylariaceae). Rev Iberoam Micol 23:160–170

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Wollweber H, Mühlbauer A, Henkel T, Wollweber H, Asakawa Y, Hashimoto T, Rogers JD, Ju YM, Wetzstein HG, Tichy HV (2001) Secondary metabolite profiles, genetic fingerprints and taxonomy of Daldinia and allies. Mycotaxon 77:379–429

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Ju YM, Rogers JD (2004a) Chemotaxonomy of Entonaema, Rhopalostroma and other Xylariaceae. Mycol Res 108:239–256

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Læssøe T, Simpson JA, Wollweber H (2004b) A survey of Daldinia species with large ascospores. Mycol Res 108:1025–1041

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Læssøe T, Vasilyeva L (2005) The genus Pyrenomyxa and its affinities to other cleistocarpous Hypoxyloideae as inferred from morphological and chemical traits. Mycologia 97:1129–1139

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Fournier J, Beltrán-Tejera E, Granmo A (2008a) The “red Hypoxylons” of the Northern Hemisphere. N Am Fungi 3:73–125

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Fournier J, Læssøe T, Lechat C, Tichy HV, Piepenbring M (2008b) Recognition of hypoxyloid and xylarioid Entonaema species from a comparison of holomorphic morphology, HPLC profiles, and ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycol Progr 7:53–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stadler M, Fournier J, Læssøe T, Decock C, Peršoh D, Rambold G (2009) Ruwenzoria, a new genus of the Xylariaceae from Central Africa. Mycol Prog. doi:10.1007/s11557-009-0623-3

  • Stamatakis A (2006) RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22:2688–2690

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang AMC, Jeewon R, Hyde KD (2009) A re-evaluation of the evolutionary relationships within the Xylariaceae based on ribosomal and protein-coding gene sequences. Fungal Divers 34:127–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Triebel D, Persoh D, Wollweber H, Stadler M (2005) Phylogenetic relationships among Daldinia, Entonaema and Hypoxylon as inferred from ITS nrDNA sequences. Nova Hedw 80:25–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner WP (1971) Fungal metabolites. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner WB, Aldridge DC (1983) Fungal metabolites II. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Gucht K (1994) The Xylariaceae of Papua New Guinea. PhD thesis. University of Gent, Belgium

  • Watling R (1962) Thamnomyces subgenus Scopimyces. Not RBG Edinb 24:15–18

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Begoña Aguirre-Hudson (K), Erin McCray (BPI), Dagmar Triebel (M), Harrie Sipman (B), Jens H. Petersen (AAU), and the curators of various further herbaria who kindly sent us specimens on loan. We also appreciate the help of our colleagues, who provided us with material from their personal herbaria, including Jean Louis Cheype (France), and to M. Piątek for Fig. 5a. Furthermore, Jørgen Kristiansen is thanked for his correction of the Latin diagnosis. Expert technical assistance by Beata Schmieschek and Dirk Müller (InterMed Discovery) is also gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mycology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95540, Bayreuth, Germany

    Marc Stadler, Fabienne Flessa, Gerhard Rambold & Derek Peršoh

  2. InterMed Discovery GmbH, Otto-Hahn-Straße 15, 44227, Dortmund, Germany

    Marc Stadler

  3. Las Muros, 09420, Rimont, France

    Jacques Fournier

  4. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark

    Thomas Læssøe

  5. Department of Plant Systematics, Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512, Kraków, Poland

    Andrzej Chlebicki

  6. Ascofrance, 64 Route de Chizé, 79360, Villiers-en-Bois, France

    Christian Lechat

  7. Systematische Botanik und Mykologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Menzinger Straße 67, 80638, München, Germany

    Derek Peršoh

Authors
  1. Marc Stadler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jacques Fournier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Thomas Læssøe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Andrzej Chlebicki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Christian Lechat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Fabienne Flessa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Gerhard Rambold
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Derek Peršoh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marc Stadler.

Electronic supplementary material

About this article

Cite this article

Stadler, M., Fournier, J., Læssøe, T. et al. Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Thamnomyces (Xylariaceae). Mycoscience 51, 189–207 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-009-0028-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-009-0028-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation