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Evidence of antifungal activity of wild rue (Peganum harmala L.) on phytopathogenic fungi

Nachweis der antifungalen Aktivität der Steppenraute (Peganum harmala L.) gegenüber pflanzenpathogenen Pilzen

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Abstract

Numerous fungicide applications are often needed to control fungal plant pathogens, and consequently there is an increasing demand for alternative means to control them. Natural plant products are one of the most important alternatives which do not have any indiscriminate hazardous effects like synthetic products. In the present study, antifungal properties of water soluble, ethanolic and methanolic extracts taken from leaves, floral tissues, and seeds of wild rue (Peganum harmala L.) were tested on the mycelial growth and spore germination of Phytophthora drechsleri, Verticillium dahliae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Cla-dosporium cucumerinum, Corynespora cassiicola, Alternaria sp., Ulocladium sp., Botrytis cinerea, Monosporascus cannon-ballus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma harzianum. The water soluble extracts caused a significant decrease in the mycelial growth of the majority of fungi tested with maximum activity detected for seed extracts. Additionally, water soluble seed extract inhibited spore germination of Fusarium oxy-sporum f. sp. melonis. This study demonstrated the antifungal activity of P. harmala extracts on phytopathogenic fungi which can be used as an alternative for chemical compounds.

Zusammenfassung

Synthetische Fungizide werden weltweit zunehmend zur Kontrolle pflanzenpathogener Pilze eingesetzt, woraus ein steigender Bedarf an alternativen Bekämpfungsverfahren re-sultieren kann. Pflanzliche Naturstoffe stellen eine der erfolg-versprechendsten Alternativen zum chemischen Pflanzen-schutz dar, weil sie in der Regel geringere Nebenwirkungen zur Folge haben. Wir untersuchten die Wirkung wässriger, ethanolischer und methanolischer Extrakte von Blättern, Blüten und Samen der Steppenraute (Peganum harmala L.) auf das Myzelwachstum und die Sporenkeimung der pflanzen-pathogenen Pilze Phytophthora drechsleri, Verticillium dah-liae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Corynespora cassiicola, Alternaria sp., Ulocladium sp., Botrytis cinerea, Monosporascus cannonballus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma harzianum. Die wässrigen Pflanzenextrakte ver-minderten das Myzelwachstum der meisten untersuchten Pilze signifikant, wobei die Samenextrakte im Vergleich zu den Blatt- und Blütenextrakten die stärkste Wirkung aufwie-sen. Die wässigen Extrakte hemmten darüber hinaus die Sporenkeimung von Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass antifungal (fungizid und fungista-tisch) wirkende wässrige Extrakte von P. harmala alternativ zu synthetischen Fungiziden eingesetzt werden können.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Disease Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

    A. Sarpeleh, K. Sharifi & A. Sonbolkar

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  1. A. Sarpeleh
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  2. K. Sharifi
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  3. A. Sonbolkar
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Correspondence to A. Sarpeleh.

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Sarpeleh, A., Sharifi, K. & Sonbolkar, A. Evidence of antifungal activity of wild rue (Peganum harmala L.) on phytopathogenic fungi. J Plant Dis Prot 116, 208–213 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356312

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356312

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