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Influences of orthographic consistency and reading instruction on the development of nonword reading skills

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Abstract

Wimmer and Goswami (1994) report that seven-, eight-, and nine-year old English children had considerably more difficulties with a nonword reading task than German children who acquire an orthography with highly consistent grapheme-phoneme correspondences. In Study 1, seven-, eight-, and nine year old English children receiving a phonics instruction were presented with the same task and compared with the children tested by Wimmer and Goswami. Study 2 is a replication with different samples of English children receiving the standard electic approach combining both whole-word and phonics strategies, English children receiving a phonics teaching approach and German children who are taught via phonics methods and acquire a consistent orthography. Children from Grades 1 to 4 were tested. In both studies, the English phonics children read the nonwords with almost the aame accuracy and speed as the German children. In Study 1, the English phonics children performed clearly better on nonword reading than the English standard sample. In Study 2, this difference was also evident but less marked. In Grade 1 English phonics as well as English standard children had clearly more difficulties with phonological decoding than German children indicating a relevant influence of orthographic consistency.

Résumé

Wimmer et Goswami rapportent que des enfants anglais de sept, huit et neuf ans ont beaucoup plus de difficultés avec une tâche de lecture de mots sans signification que des enfants allemands qui l’orthographe avec une méthode de correspondance grapho-phonologique. Dans la première étude, des enfants englais de 7, 8 et 9 ans bénéficiant d’un apprentissage phonologique ont été confrontés à la même tâche et comparés aux enfants testés par Wimmer et Goswami. La seconde étude est une réplication avec différents échantillons d’enfants anglais bénéficiant de l’approche standard combinant des stratégies de mots complets et des stratégies phonologiques, d’enfants anglais bénéficiant d’un enseignement phonologique et d’enfants formés avec des méthodes phonologiques et qui acquièrent une orthographe consistante. Les enfants qui ont été testés sont des enfants allant de la première à la quatrième années scolaires. Dans les deux études, les enfants anglais “phonologiques’ ont lu les mots sans significations avec presque la même précision et la même vitesse que les enfants allemands. Dans la première étude, les enfants anglais “phonologiques” ont performé nettement mieux en lecture des mots sans signification que les enfants de l’échantillon standard. Dans la seconde étude, la différence a été aussi évidente mais cependant moins marquée. En première année, les enfants anglais “phonologiques” aussi bien que les enfants anglais standards ont eu nettement plus de difficultés avec le décodage pnonologique que les enfants allemands, ce qui témoigne d’une influence pertinente de la consistance orthographique.

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Landerl, K. Influences of orthographic consistency and reading instruction on the development of nonword reading skills. Eur J Psychol Educ 15, 239–257 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03173177

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