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The systematic position of the Euomphalidae (Gastropoda)

Die systematische Stellung der Euomphalidae (Gastropoda)

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Abstract

The core group of Euomphalidae with the generaEuomphalus, Straparollus, Serpulospira, Phymatifer, Schizostoma, Nodeuomphalus n. g. (Devonian to Permian) are characterized by a cyrtoconic, openly coiled, planispiral protoconch. This character distinguishes them from members of the four extant subclasses of the Gastropoda (Archaeogastropoda, Neritimorpha, Caenogastropoda and Heterostropha) and places the Euomphaloidea at a similarly high taxonomic level, the new subclass Euomphalomorpha. WithEuomphalopsis the group may have made its first appearance in the Late Cambrian, and it is certainly present from the Mid Devonian to Late Permian and thus the range is about 300 million years in duration. Throughout the existence of the Euomphaloidea other gastropod units developed convergent shell forms which can be detected by the morphology of the protoconch and, in well preserved fossils, the mineralogical and structural composition of the shell. The new taxa Euomphalomorpha n. subclassis,Nodeuomphalus n. g.,N. paffrathianus n. sp., and“Planerotinus” scheeri n. sp. are described.

Kurzfassung

Den Kernbereich der Familie Euomphalidae stellen die GattungenEuomphalus, Straparollus, Serpulospira, Phymatifer, Schizostoma undNodeuomphalus aus dem Zeitraum Devon bis Perm. Sie werden durch einen Protoconch gekennzeichnet, der mit einer eiförmigen Anfangskalotte ausgestattet ist, an die sich eine erste offene Windung anschließt. Dadurch verbleibt eine zentrale Öffnung im Inneren der ersten planspiraligen Windung sichtbar im Apex der Schale. Dieser Protoconch unterscheidet die neue Unterklasse Euomphalomorpha von den auch heute noch existenten Unterklassen der Gastropoda, den Archaeogastropoda, Neritimorpha, Heterostropha und Caenogastropoda. MitEuomphalopsis war möglicherweise schon im späten Kambrium ein Vertreter der Euomphalomorpha present. Vertreter der Gruppe sind vom Mitteldevon bis zum späten Perm gesichert nachzuweisen. Schon seit dem Ordovizium treten innerhalb anderer Gastropoden-Taxa konvergente Arten auf, so daß nur bei einer Erhaltung des Protoconches, oder auch der Schalenstruktur, Euomphalomorpha gesichert erkannt werden können. Die neuen Taxa Euomphalomorpha n. subclassis,Nodeuomphalus n. g.,N. paffrathianus n. sp., and„Planerotinus“ scheeri n. sp. werden beschrieben.

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  1. Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, D-20146, Hamburg, Germany

    Klaus Bandel

  2. Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3/131, CS-11821, Praha 1, Czech Republic

    Jiřý Frýda

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Bandel, K., Frýda, J. The systematic position of the Euomphalidae (Gastropoda). Senckenbergiana lethaea 78, 103–131 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03042762

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