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Late blight resistance of five mexican potato cultivars in the eastern sierra of the state of méxico

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Abstract

In the sierras of Central México there are existing cultivated potato areas as well as potential regions for commercial production and seed production. Prevailing weather conditions during the summer in these regions are also favorable for potato late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans (Mont) De Bary). The objectives of this work were to evaluate five resistant cultivars versus a susceptible control (‘Alpha’) in the eastern sierra of the State of México in order to assess resistance against the disease.

Environmental conditions for potato late blight were favorable all five years of the study, and at the end of each growing cycle, Alpha had 100% of late blight severity. Cultivars Montserrat, Michoacán, Norteña and Sangema (Rosita) showed acceptable disease resistance. Disease severity on the resistant varieties varied from 2% to 20%. There was a delay of two to eight weeks in the appearance of the first symptoms in relation to Alpha cultivar. These delays were four to five times greater than the ones observed at the Toluca Valley in previous experiments. Yield varied from 94 to 1,475 g per plant and was related to resistance to late blight. This work corroborates potato late blight resistance observed by INIFAP and CEEM scientists at the Toluca Valley. The expression of resistance is considered to be of great help in controlling the disease with a lower number of fungicide applications and better profit. In addition, using these varieties and therefore reducing the number of fungicide sprays also reduces direct damage to people and the environment.

Resumen

En las sierras de la Región Central de México, existen áreas actualmente cultivadas con papa y zonas con potencial para la producción comercial o para semilla. Las condiciones climatológicas de la zona prevalentes en estas regiones durante el verano son tambien favorables para el Tizón Tardío de la papa (Phytophthora infestans (Mont) De Bary). Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: Evaluar 5 variedades resistentes y un testigo susceptible (‘Alpha’), bajo condiciones de la sierra oriental del Estado de México para determinar su resistencia a la enfermedad.

En los 5 años de estudios, las condiciones ambientales para el desarrollo del Tizón Tardío de la Papa fueron favorables y al final del ciclo de crecimiento, Alpha presentó un 100% de severidad del tizón tardío. Los cultivares Montserrat, Michoacán, Norteña y Sangema (Rosita) mostraron una resistencia aceptable a la enfermedad. La severidad de la enfermedad en el follaje de las variedades resistentes varió de 2% a 20%. Hubo un retraso de 2 a 8 semanas, en la aparición de los primeros síntomas en relación con el cultivar Alpha. Estos retrasos fueron de 4 a 5 veces mas grandes que los observados en experimentos previamente efectuados en el Valle de Toluca. El rendimiento varió de 94 to 1,475 g por planta y estuvo relacionado con la resistencia al tízon tardío. Este trabajo corrobora la resistencia al tizón tardío de la papa observada por los científicos del INIFAP y del CEEM en el Valle de Toluca. La expresión de la resistencia es considerada de ser de gran ayuda en el control de la enfermedad con un número menor de aplicaciones de fungicidas y mas ganancias. Además, con el uso de estas variedades, al reducir el número de aspersiones de fungicidas, también se reduce el daño directo al hombre y al medio ambiente.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INIFAP-CIRCE Campo Experimental Valle de México, Km. 18.5 Carretera Los Reyes-Lechería, Apartado Postal 307, 56230, Texcoco, Edo. de México, México

    Mateo Armando Cadena-Hinojosa & Margarita Díaz-Valasis

  2. Fitopatología, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230, Montecillo, Edo. de México, México

    Remigio A. Guzmán-Plazola

  3. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 58880, Tarimbaro, Michoacán, México

    Sylvia Fernández-Pavía

  4. USDA-ARS, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, 97330, Corvallis, OR, USA

    Niklaus J. Grünwald

Authors
  1. Mateo Armando Cadena-Hinojosa
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  2. Margarita Díaz-Valasis
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  3. Remigio A. Guzmán-Plazola
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  4. Sylvia Fernández-Pavía
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  5. Niklaus J. Grünwald
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Correspondence to Mateo Armando Cadena-Hinojosa.

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Cadena-Hinojosa, M.A., Díaz-Valasis, M., Guzmán-Plazola, R.A. et al. Late blight resistance of five mexican potato cultivars in the eastern sierra of the state of méxico. Amer J of Potato Res 84, 385–392 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02987184

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