Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cytology and genetics of some indian wheats

III. An octoploid amphidiploidF 1 hybrid fromTriticum vulgare var.Graecum Kcke×T. dicoccum indicum

  • Published:
Journal of Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

1. Reciprocal crosses were made betweenTriticum vulgare var.graecum Kcke, andT. dicoccum var.Indicum (Khapli Emmer).

2. The germination of the hybrid seeds whenvulgare is used as the female parent is about 33%, whereas when it is used as the male parent the germination is about 3%.

3. All the seedlings from the reciprocal crosses died at very early stages, with the exception of one fromvulgare × Khapli. This seedling was found to be an octoploid with 28 bivalents in the pollen mother cells.

4. The octoploid plant resembled very much the Khapli male parent in respect of the general habit, and the colour of the grains, whereas in the shape of its glumes, ears, and awns it resembled thevulgare parent.

5. The doubling of chromosomes in the amphidiploids may be regarded as a reaction to the effects of external stimuli, representing a new chromosomal balance, which in turn rests upon the mutual adjustment of genes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bhatia, G. S. (1937). “Cytology and genetics of some Indian wheats. I. A new variety of ‘Khapli Emmer’ wheat from India, and its bearing upon the place of origin of Emmer wheats.”J. Genet.35, 321–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bremer, G. (1923). “A cytological investigation of some species and species hybrids within the genusSaccharum.”Genetica,5, 273–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, R. E. &Goodspeed, T. H. (1925). “Interspecific hybridization inNicotiana. II. A tetraploidglutinosa-tabacum hybrid, an experimental verification of Winge’s hypothesis.”Genetics,10, 279–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowther, J. G. (1934).The Progress of Science. London.

  • Delaunay, L. H. (1932). “The X-mutations in wheat.”Trud. Lab. Genet., Leningr.,9, 173–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dorsey, E. (1936). “Induced polyploidy in wheat and rye. Chromosome doubling inTriticum, Secale, andTriticum-Secale hybrids produced by temperature changes.”J. Hered.27, 155–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frandsen, H. N. &Winge, O. (1932). “Brassica napocampestris, a new constant amphidiploid species hybrid.”Hereditas, Lund,16, 212–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florell, V. H. (1936). “Chromosome differences in a wheat-rye amphidiploid.”J. agric. Res.52, pp. 199–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodspeed, T. H. (1929). “The effects of X-rays and radium on species of the genusNicotiana.”J. Hered.20, 243–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, H. K. &Stakman, E. C. (1922). “Wheat stem rust from the standpoint of plant breeding.”Proc. 2nd Ann. Mtg, Canad. Soc. Agron. pp. 997–1012.

  • Heilborn, O. (1934). “On the origin and preservation of polyploidy.”Hereditas, Lund,19, 233–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howard, A. &Howard, G. L. C. (1910).Wheat in India. Calcutta.

  • Huskins, C. L. (1928). “On the cytology of speltoid wheats in relation to their origin and genetic behaviour.”J. Genet.20, 103–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • —— (1931). “The origin ofSpartina Townsendii.”Genetica,12, 531–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hynes, H. J. (1926). “Studies on the reaction to stem rust in a cross between Federation wheat and Khapli Emmers with notes on the fertility of the hybrid types.”Phytopathology,16, 800–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, C. A. (1928). “The experimental formation of heteroploid plants in the genusSolanum.”J. Genet.19, 133–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karpechenko, G. D. (1928). “Polyploid hybrids ofRaphanus sativus L. ×Brassica oleracea.”Z. indukt. Abstamm.- u. VererbLehre,48, 1–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, J. (1930). “Histological and cytological studies of stems of plants injected with certain chemicals.” Diss. Sofia Univ.

  • Kihara, H. &Katayama, Y. (1931). “Zur Entstehungsweise eines neuen konstanten oktoploidenAegilotricum.”Cytologia, Tokyo,2, 234–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostoff, D. (1930). “A chromosomal chimera in tobacco—somatic non-disjunction and doubling of chromosomes in aNicotiana hybrid.”J. Hered.21, 445–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • —— (1936). “Studies on the polyploid plants. XI. AmphidiploidTriticum Timopheevi Zhuk. ×Triticum monococcum L.”Z. Zücht. A,21, 41–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levan, A. (1936). “Die Zytologie vonAllium cepa × fistulosum.”Hereditas, Lund,21, 195–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levitsky, G. A. &Benetzkaia, G. K. (1929). “Cytological investigation of constant intermediate rye-wheat hybrids.”Proc. U.S.S.R. Congr. Genet. Pl. and An. Breed. pp. 345–52.

  • —— —— (1931). “Cytology of wheat-rye amphidiploids.”Bull. Appl. Bot. Genet. Pl. Breed. 27, 241–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Longley, A. E. &Sando, W. J. (1930). “Nuclear divisions in the pollen mother cells ofTriticum, Aegilops andSecale and their hybrids.”J. agric. Res.40, 683–719.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lundegardh, H. (1914). “Zur Mechanik der Kernteilung.”Svensk bot. Tidskr.8, 161–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mol, W. E. de (1923). “Duplication of generative nuclei by means of physiological stimuli and its significance.”Genetica,5, 225–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Percival, J. (1936). “Aegilotricum ovata-turgidum. A fertile species hybrid.”Ann. Bot., Lond.,50, 427–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peto, F. H. (1935). “Associations of somatic-chromosomes induced by heat and chloral hydrate treatments.”Canad. J. Res.13, 301–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plotnikova, T. W. (1931). “Einfluss der Röntgenstrahlen auf die Reduktionsteilung von Weizen.”Z. Zücht. A,16, 662–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puttick, G. F. (1921). “The reaction of theF2 generation of a cross between a common and adurum wheat to two biologic forms ofPuccinia graminis.”Phytopathology,11, 205–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Randolph, L. F. (1932). “Some effects of high temperature on polyploidy and other variations in Maize.”Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash.,18, 222–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamura, T. (1920). “Experimentelle Studien über die Zell-und Kernteilung mit besonderer Rücksicht auf Form, Grösse und Zahl der Chromosome.”J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,29, 1–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sax, K. (1921). “Sterility in wheat hybrids. I. Sterility relationship and endosperm development.”Genetics,6, 399–416.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • —— (1936). “The experimental production of polyploidy.”J. Arnold Arbor. 17, 153–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimotomai, N. (1927). “Über Störungen der meiotischen Teilungen durch niedrige Temperatur.”Bot. Mag., Tokyo,41, 149–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. W. &Leighty, C. E. (1931). “Inheritance in a constant hybrid betweenAegilops ovata andTriticum dicoccum.”J. agric. Res.43, 661–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, W. P. (1930). “Shrivelled endosperm in species crosses in wheat, its cytological cause and genetical effects.”Genetics,15, 99–113.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, W. P. &Hollingshead, L. (1927). “Preponderance ofdicoccum-like characters and chromosome numbers in hybrids betweenTriticum dicoccum andTriticum vulgare.”J. Genet.17, 283–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tschermak, E. (1929). “Zur zytologischen Auffassung meiner Aegilotriticum bastarde und der Artbastarde überhaupt.”Ber. dtsch. bot. Ges.47, 253–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tschermak, E. &Bleier, H. (1926). “Über fruchtbare Aegilops-Weizenbastarde.”Ber. dtsch. bot. Ges.44, 110–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wakakuwa, Sh. (1934). “Embryological studies on the different seed development in reciprocal interspecific crosses of wheat.”Jap. J. Bot.7, 151–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waterhouse, W. L. (1930). “Australian rust studies. III. Initial results of breeding for rust resistance.”Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. pp. 596–636.

  • -- (1933). “On the production of fertile hybrids from crosses betweenvulgare and Khapli Emmer wheats.”Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. pp. 99–104.

  • Watkins, A. E. (1927). “Genetic and cytological studies in wheat. III.”J. Genet.18, 375–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winge, O. (1932). “On the origin of constant species-hybrids.”Svensk bot. Tidskr.26, 107–22.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. G. S. Bhatia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Part III of thesis approved for the Ph.D. degree of the University of London.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bhatia, G.S. Cytology and genetics of some indian wheats. Journ. of Genetics 35, 331–349 (1938). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02982359

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02982359

Keywords

Search

Navigation