Abstract
The effect of mineral and organic fertilization on the occurrence of soil microorganisms was determined in a field experiment. The colony-forming unit counts of saprotrophic microfungi, when estimated on a silicate gel medium containing fulvic acid as a sole carbon source, increased significantly with increasing doses of mineral and organic fertilization. Partial correlation analysis indicated that, unlike bacteria and actinomycetes, microfungi utilizing fulvic acid were significantly associated with soil organic carbon. No significant effects on bacteria and microfungi counted on common microbiological media were observed but counts of actinomycetes increased in a manured soil extensively fertilized by a mineral fertilizer. Fulvic acid utilizing microfungi, which are associated with areas rich in organics, play possibly the main role in mineralization of resistant forms of soil organic matter.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdel Magid H.M., Rabie R.K., Sabrah R.E.A., Abdel-Aal S.I.: The interrelationship between microbial numbers, application rate and biodegradation products of two organic manures in a sandy soil.Arch.Gulf J.Sci.Res.14, 641–657 (1996).
Anderson T.H., Domsch K.H.: Ratio of microbial biomass carbon to total organic carbon in arable soils.Soil Biol.Biochem.21, 471–479 (1989).
Atlas R.M., Parks L.C.:Handbook of Microbiological Media, p. 55. CRC Press, Boca Raton (USA) 1993.
Azo S., Sakai I.: Studies on the physiological effects of humic acid. Part 1. Uptake of humic acid by crop plants and its physiological effects.Soil Sci.Plant Nutr.9, 1–91 (1963).
Bagstam G.: Population changes in microorganisms during composting of spruce bark- I. Influence of temperature control.Eur. J.Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol.5, 315–330 (1978).
Curtin D., Steppuhn H., Campbell C.A., Biederbeck V.O.: Carbon and nitrogen mineralization in soil treated with chloride and phosphate salts.Can.J.Soil Sci.79, 427–429 (1999).
Cyhelský L., Kańoková J., Novák I.:Theory of Statistics, 2nd ed., pp. 123–124. SNTL Publishers, Prague (Czechia) 1986.
Drury C.F., Oloya T.O., McKenney D.J., Gregorich E.G., Tan C.S., Van Luyk C.L.: Long-term effects of fertilization and rotation on denitrification and soil carbon.Soil Sci.Soc.Am.J.62, 1572–1579 (1998).
Führ F., Sauerbeck D.: The uptake of colloidal organic substances by plant roots as shown by experiments with14C-labeled humus compounds, pp. 317–328 inIsotopes in Plant Nutrition and Physiology. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna 1967.
Gramss G., Ziegenhagen D., Sorge S.: Egradation of soil humic extract by wood- and soil-associated fungi, bacteria, and commercial enzymes.Microb.Ecol.37, 140–151 (1999).
Gregorich E.G., Rochette P., McGuire S., Liang B.C., Lessard R.: Soluble organic carbon and carbon dioxide fluxes in mazie fields receiving spring-applied manure.J.Environ.Qual.27, 209–214 (1998).
Griffith B.S., Ritz K., Ebblewhite N., Dobson G.: Soil microbial community structure: effects of substrate loading rates.Soil Biol. Biochem.31, 145–153 (1999).
Hršelová H., Chvátalová I., Vosátka M., Klír J., Gryndler M.: Correlation of abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria and saprophytic microfungi with soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus,Folia Microbiol.44, 683–687 (1999).
Janzen H.H., Campbell C.A., Brandt S.A., Lafond G.P., Townley-Smith L.: Light fraction organic matter in soils from long-term rotations.Soil Sci.Soc.Am.J.56, 1799–1806 (1992).
Kunc F., Lokhmacheva R.A., Macura J.: Biological decomposition of fulvic acid preparations.Folia Microbiol.21, 257–267 (1976).
Loiseau P., Soussana J.F.: Elevated [CO2], temperature increase and N supply effects on the turnover of below-ground carbon in a temperate grassland ecosystem.Plant & Soil210, 233–247 (1999).
Michálek J., Osecky P., Pešek J., Rod J., Vondráček J.:Biometrics I. SPN Publishers, Prague (Czechia) 1982.
Pizzeghello D., Nicolini G., Nardi S.: Hormone-like activity of humic substances inFagus sylvaticae forests.New Phytol.151, 647–657 (2001).
Reinertsen S.A., Elliott L.F., Cochran V.L., Campbell G.S.: Role of available carbon and nitrogen in determining the rate of wheat straw decomposition.Soil Biol.Biochem.16, 459–464 (1984).
Smith N.R., Dawson V.T.: The bacteriostatic action of Bengal Rose in media used for plate counts of soil fungi.Soil Sci.58, 467–471 (1944).
Tan K.H., Nopamornbodi V.: Fulvic acid and the growth of the ectomycorrhizal fungus.Pisolithus tinctorius. Soil Biol.Biochem.11, 651–654 (1979).
Taylor C.B.: The nutritional requirements of predominant flora of the soil.Proc.Soc.Appl.Bacteriol.14, 101–111 (1951).
Witter E., Kanal A.: Characteristics of the soil microbial biomass in soils from a long-term field experiment with different levels of C input.Appl.Soil Ecol.10, 37–49 (1998).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The research was supported by theGrant Agency of the Czech Republic, project no. 526/00/1276, and byInstitutional Research Concept no. AV 0Z 502 0903.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gryndler, M., Hršelová, H., Klír, J. et al. Long-term fertilization affects the abundance of saprotrophic microfungi degrading resistant forms of soil organic matter. Folia Microbiol 48, 76–82 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931280
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931280