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The effect of high concentrations of growth substances on water uptake

Vplyv vysokých koncentrácii rastových látok na príjem vody

Влияние высоких концентрацпй ростовых веществ на поглощение воды

  • Published:
Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

Changes in water uptake immediately following the application of high concentrations of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) into the root medium of whole plants ofPisum sativum andVicia faba were investigated potometrically under controlled conditions. It was found that concentrations between 10−2 and 10−5 m bring about a sudden, pronounced and lasting inhibition of water uptake. Its rate depends directly on MCPA concentration. At 10−2 m, sudden inhibition of water uptake becomes apparent as early as 10 min after application. With decreasing concentrations the appearance of inhibition is retarded but the inhibition is still sudden and well-pronounced. The inhibition of water uptake observed after MCPA application to the root medium of whole plants agrees with the sudden striking reduction in transpiration intensity observed byAllerup (1964) after the application of similar concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The presence of MCPA in the nutrient medium causes inhibition of water uptake even in cut plants. Its rate again depends on the concentration of the growth substance. The inhibition does not appear here as quickly and is not as sudden and pronounced. High concentrations of MCPA during application to over-ground plant organs do not bring about immediate inhibition of water uptake by the root.

Abstract

V kontrolovaných podmienkách sa potometricky sledovali zmeny v príjme vody bezprostredne po aplikácii vysokých koncentrácii kyseliny 2-metyl-4-chlórfenoxyoctovej (MCPA) do koreňového prostredia celých rastlínPisum sativum aVicia faba. Zistilo sa, že koncentrácie 10−2 m až 10−5 m vyvolávajú náhlu, výraznú a kontinuálnu inhibíciu príjmu vody. Jej rýchlost závisí priamo na koncentrácii MCPA. Pri koncentrácii 10−2 m je náhla inhibícia príjmu vody koreňom dobre identifikovatelná už v 10. minúte po aplikácii. So znižováním koncentrácie sa objavenie inhibície časove oddaluje. Inhibícia však zostáva náhla a výrazná. Zistená inhibícia príjmu vody po aplikácii MCPA do koreňového prostredia celých rastlín sa zhoduje s náhlou a výraznou rodukeiou intenzity transpirácie, ktorú pozorovalAllerup (1964) po aplikácii rovnakých koncentrácii kyseliny 2,4-dichlórfenoxycetovej. Prítomnost' MCPA v živnom roztoku vyvoláva inhibíciu príjmu vody aj u odrezaných rastlín. Jej rýchlost' závisí rovnako ako u rastlín s koreňmi od koncentrácie rastovej látky. Inhibícai sa však neobjavuje tak rýchlo, nie je taká náhla a výrazná. Vysoké koncentrácie MCPA pri aplikácii na nadzemné orgány celých rastlín novyvolávajú bezprostredne po aplikácii inhibíciu príjmu vody koreňom.

Abstract

В контролированных условиях исследовали нотометрическим методом изменения в иоглощении воды непосредственно после примепения высоко концентрированных растворов 2-метил-4-хлорфеноксиуксусной кислоты (МХФУ) в корневую среду целых растенийPisum sativum аVicia faba. Было установлено, что концентрации от 10−2 до 10−5 вызывают резкое континуальное ингибирование поглощение воды. Срок появления ингибиции находится в прямой зависнмости от концентрации МХФУ. При концентрации 10−2 М внезанная ингибиция поглощения воды хорошо идентифицируется уже 10 минут после применения ростового вещества. Со снижением концентрации наступление ингибиции отдаляется по времени, притом сохраняет свой внезапный и выразительный характер. Установленное подавление поглощения воды после воздействия МХФУ через корневую среду соответствует данным о резком и внезанном подавлении интензивности транспирации после применения 2,4 дихлорфеноксиуксусной кислоты в тех же концентрациях (Аллеруп, 1964). МХФУ в иитательном растворе подавляет поглощение воды и у срезаниых растений. Время наступления подавления зависит равным образом от концентрации ростового вещества. Подавление однако, появляется не так рано и не так выразительно и внезапно. При применении высоких концентраций МХФУ на надземные органы целых растений не происходит непосредственного после применения подавления поглощения воды корнем.

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  1. Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava

    Vladimír Kozinka

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  1. Vladimír Kozinka
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Address: Bratislava IX, Dúbravská 26.

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Kozinka, V. The effect of high concentrations of growth substances on water uptake. Biol Plant 8, 235–245 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02930784

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