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Enzymatic blackening in potatoes: Influence of pH on dopachrome oxidation

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An Erratum to this article was published on 01 October 1977

Abstract

The effects of pH on the nonenzymatic reactions of dopachrome leading to brown to black melanin formation were examined. At pH 5.0, the changes in dopachrome absorbance at 480 nm and formation of melanin were slow. After 7–8 hours the absorbance decreased to approximately one half of the original dopachrome solution.

At pH 7.0 the changes were much more rapid. After 17 min the absorbance decreased by 0.15. An equivalent decrease in absorbance at pH 5.0 required almost 4 hours. At pH 7.0 the absorbance at 480 nm decreased to a minimum after 43 min and then increased for 4 hours when the absorbance of the pinkish grey solution was the same as the original orange dopachrome solution.

Thus, the pH of any treatment used to inhibit enzymatic blackening is very important in determining the amount of discoloration finally obtained. A pH of 5.0 or lower which would inhibit both the nonenzymatic and enzymatic reactions in the blackening reaction would be most desirable unless flavor or texture problems arise.

Resumen

Se examinaron los efectos de pH en las reacciones no enzimáticas de dopacromo para la formación de melanina marron a negra. A pH 5.0, los cambios en la absorbancia de dopacromo a 480 nm y la formación de melanina fueron lentas. Después de 7–8 horas la absorbancia disminuyó a aproximadamente la mitad de la original solución de dopacromo.

A pH 7.0, los cambios fueron mucho más rápidas. Después de 17 min. la absorbancia disminuyó 0.15. Una disminución equivalente en absorbancia a pH 5.0 tomó 4 horas. A pH 7.0, la absorbancia a 480 nm disminuyó a un mínimo después de 43 min y entonces aumentó por 4 horas cuando la absorbancia de la solución rosada-gris fue la misma como la original solución anaranjada de dopacromo.

Así, el pH de cualquier tratamiento usado para inhibir el ennegrecimiento enzimático es muy importante en la determinación de la cantidad de descoloramiento obtenida finalmente. Un pH de 5.0 o menor, el cual inhibirá las reacciones enzimáticas y no enzimáticas en la reacción de ennegrecimiento sería lo más conveniente a menos que se presenten problemas de sabor a textura.

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Published with the approval of the Director of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station as Research Paper No. 76511.

An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02875351.

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Muneta, P. Enzymatic blackening in potatoes: Influence of pH on dopachrome oxidation. American Potato Journal 54, 387–393 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852759

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852759

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