Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Unifying features of systemic and cerebral amyloidosis

  • Published:
Molecular Neurobiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Amyloidosis is a generic term for a group of clinically and biochemically diverse diseases that are characterized by the deposition of an insoluble fibrillar protein in the extracellular space. Over 16 biochemically distinct amyloids are known. Despite this diversity, all amyloids have a particular ultrastructural and tinctorial appearance, a β-pleated sheet structure, and are codeposited with a group of amyloid-associated proteins. The most common amyloidosis is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where Aβ is the main component of the amyloid. Recently it has been found that Aβ exists as a normal soluble protein (sAβ) in biological fluids. This links AD more closely to some of the systemic amyloidoses, where the amyloid precursor is found in the circulation normally. Numerous mutations have been found in the Aβ precursor (βPP) gene, associated with familial AD. Many mutations are also found in some of the hereditary systemic amyloidoses. For example, over 40 mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene are associated with amyloid. However, both Aβ and TTR related amyloid deposition can occur with no mutation. The pathogenesis of amyloid is complex, and appears to be associated with genetic and environmental risk factors that can be similar in the systemic and cerebral amyloidoses.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Virchow R. (1854)Virchows Arch. 6, 416–426.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cohen A. S. and Calkins E. (1959)Nature 183, 1202–1203.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Pras M., Schubert H., Zucker-Franklin D., Rimon A., and Franklin E. C. (1968)J. Clin. Invest. 47, 924–933.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Glenner G. G., Terry W., Harada M., Isersky C., and Page C. (1971)Science 172, 1150–1151.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Castano E. M. and Frangione B. (1988)Lab. Invest. 58, 122–132.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bladen H. A., Nylen M. U., and Glenner G. G. (1966)J. Ultrastruct. Res. 14, 449–459.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Shirahama T. and Cohen A. S. (1967)J. Cell Biol. 33, 679–708.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Glenner G. G. (1980)N. Engl, J. Med. 302, 1283–1292; 1333–1343.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kidd M. (1963)Nature 197, 192–193.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bennhold H. (1922)Munch. Med. Wschr. 2, 1537–1538.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Vassar P. S. and Culling C. F. (1959)Arch. Pathol. 68, 487–498.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Turnell W. G. and Finch J. T. (1992)J. Mol. Biol. 227, 1205–1223.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Eanes E. D. and Glenner G. G. (1968)J. Histochem. Cytochem. 16, 673–677.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Bonar L. C., Cohen A. S., and Skinner M. (1969)Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 131, 1373–1375.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Glenner G. G. (1981)Prog. Histochem. Cytochem.,13, 1–37.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lansbury P. T., Jr. (1992)Biochemistry 31, 6865–6870.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Coe J. E., Margossian S. S., Slayter H. S., and Sogn J. A. (1981)J. Exp. Med. 153, 977–991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Prelli F., Pras M., and Frangione B. (1985)J. Biol. Chem. 260, 12,895–12,898.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Snow A. D., Willner J., and Kisilevsky R. (1987)Lab. Invest. 56, 120–124.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Wisniewski T. and Frangione B. (1992)Neurosci. Lett. 135, 235–238.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Namba Y., Tomonaga M., Kawasaki H., Otomo E., and Ikeda K. (1991)Brain Res. 541, 163–166.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Choi-Miura N. H., Ihara Y., Fukuchi K., Takeda M., Nakano Y., Tobe T., and Tomita M. (1992)Acta Neuropathol. 83, 260–264.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Isobe T. and Osserman E. F. (1984)N. Engl. J. Med. 290, 473–477.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hansotia P., Ganik K., and Friedenberg W. (1983)Neurology 33, 1411–1415.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kyle R. A. and Greipp P. R. (1983)Mayo Clin. Proc. 58, 665–683.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Stone M. J. and Frenkel E. P. (1975)Am. J. Med. 58, 601–619.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. White G. C., Jacobson R. J., Binder R. A., Linke R. P., and Glenner G. G. (1975)Blood 46, 713–722.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Janssen S., van Rijswijk M. H., Meijer S., Ruinen L., and van der Hem G. K. (1986) inAmyloidosis (Marrink J. and van Rijswijk M. H., eds.), Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, p. 61–72.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Browning M. J., Banks R. A., Tribe C. R., Hollingworth P., Kinswood C., Mackenzie J. C., and Bacon P. A. (1985)Q. J. Med. 54, 213–227.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Kyle R. A. and Bayrd E. D. (1975)Medicine 54, 271–299.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Wright J. R. and Calkins E. (1981)Medicine 60, 429–448.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Solomon A., Weiss D. T., and Eulitz M. (1990)Clin. Res. 38, 303A.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Osserman E. F., Merlini G., and Butler V. P. (1987)JAMA 258, 2930–2937.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Feiner H. D. (1988)Hum. Pathol. 19, 1255–1272.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Finn A. and Gorevic P. D. (1990)Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 94, 353–355.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Isobe T. (1988) inAmyloid and Amyloidosis (Isobe T., Araki S., Uchino F., Kito S., and Tsubura E., eds.), Plenum, New York, pp. 175–178.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Solomon A., Frangione B., and Franklin E. C. (1982)J. Clin. Invest. 70, 453–460.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Levin M., Franklin E. C., Frangione B., and Pras M. (1972)J. Clin. Invest. 51, 2773–2776.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Rosenthal C. J., Franklin E. C., and Frangione B. (1976)J. Immunol. 116, 1415–1418.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Benditt E. P. and Erikssen N. (1977)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 4025–4028.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Sohar E., Gafni J., Pras M., and Heller H. (1967)Am. J. Med. 43, 227–253.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Zemer D., Pras M., Sohar E., Modan M., Cabili S., and Gafni J. (1986)N. Engl. J. Med. 314, 1001–1005.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Skinner M., Shirahama T., Benson M. D., and Cohen A. S. (1977)Lab. Invest. 36, 420–427.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Benson M. D., Dwulet F. E., and DiBartola S. P. (1985)Lab. Invest. 52, 448–452.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. DiBartola S. P., Benson M. D., Dwulet F. E., and Cornacoff J. B. (1985)Lab. Invest. 52, 485–489.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Eriksen N., Ericsson L. H., Pearsall N., Lagunoff D., and Benditt E. P. (1976)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 964–967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Cohen A. S. and Shirahama T. (1972)Am. J. Pathol. 68, 441–444.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Shirahama T. and Cohen A. S. (1975)Am. J. Pathol. 81, 101–116.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Lavie G., Flechner E., Gallo G., Frangione B., and Franklin E. C. (1982) inAmyloid and Amyloidosis (Glenner G. G., Costa P. P. E., DeFreitas F., eds.), Exerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 519–523.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Gervais F., Hebert L., and Skamene E. (1988)J. Leukocyte Biol. 43, 311–316.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. de Beer M. C., de Beer F. C., McCubbin W. D., Kay C. M., and Kindy M. S. (1993)J. Biol. Chem. 268, 20,606–20,612.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Janigan D. T. and Druet R. L. (1966)Am. J. Pathol. 48, 1013–1021.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Deal C. L., Sipe J. D., Tatsduta E., Skinner M., and Cohen A. S. (1982)Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 389, 439–441.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Axelrad M. and Kisilevsky R. (1980) inAmyloid and Amyloidosis (Glenner G. G., Costa P. P. E., and DeFreitas F., eds.), Exerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 527–533.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Axelrad M., Kisilevsky R., Willmer J., Chen S. J., and Skinner M. (1982)Lab. Invest. 47, 139–146.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Shirahama T., Miura K., Ju S-T., Kisilevsky R., Gruys E., and Cohen A. S. (1990)Lab. Invest. 62, 61–68.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Walts A. E., Goodman M. D., and Matorin P. A. (1985)Am J. Nephrol. 5, 225–226.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Bardin T., Kuntz D., Zingraff J., Voisin M. C., Zelmar A., and Lansaman J. (1985)Arthritis Rheum. 28, 1052–1058.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Huaux J. P., Noel H., Maighem J., Maldague B., Devogelaer J. P., and De Deuxchaisnes C. N. (1985)Arthritis Rheum. 28, 1075–1076.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Sebert J. L., Fardellone P., Marie A., Deramond H., Lambrey G., Legars D., Galibert P., Smajda A., and Fournier A. (1986)Arthritis Rheum. 29, 301–302.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Koch K. M. (1992)Kidney Intern. 41, 1416–1429.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Gorevic P. D., Casey T. T., Stone W. J., DiRaimondo C. R., Prelli F. C., and Frangione B. (1985)J. Clin. Invest. 76, 2425–2429.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Shirahama T., Skinner M., Cohen A. S., Gejys F., Arakawa M., Suzuki M., and Hirasanta Y. (1985)Lab Invest. 53, 705–709.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Gorevic P. D., Munoz P. C., Casey T. T., DiRaimondo C. R., Stone W. J., Prelli F. C., Rodrigues M. M., Poulik M. D., and Frangione B. (1986)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 7908–7912.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Cunningham B. A., Wang S. L., Berggard I., and Peterson P. A. (1973)Biochemistry 12, 4811–4822.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Grey H. M., Kubo R. T., Colon S. M., Poulik M. D., Cresswell P., Springer T., Turner M., and Strominger, J. L. (1973)J. Exp. Med. 138, 1608–1612.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Vincent C., Revillard J. P., Galland M., and Traeger J. (1978)Nephron 21, 260–268.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Kleinman K. S. and Coburn J. W. (1989)Kidney Int. 35, 567–575.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Ullian M. E., Hammond W. S., Alfrey A. C., Schultz A., and Molitoris B. A. (1989)Medicine 68, 107–115.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Connors L. H., Shirahama T., Skinner M., Fenves A., and Cohen A. S. (1985)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 131, 1063–1068.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Kanda Y., Goodman D. S., Canfield R. E., and Morgan F. J. (1974)J. Biol. Chem. 249, 6796–6805.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Van Jaarsveld P. P., Edelhoch H., Goodman D. S., and Robbins J. (1973)J. Biol. Chem. 248, 4698–4705.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Ferguson R. N., Edelhoch H., Saroff A., Robbins J., and Cahnmann H. J. (1975)Biochemistry 14, 282–289.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Uemichi T., Murrell J. R., Zeldenrust S., and Benson M. D. (1992)J. Med. Genetics 29, 888–891.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Saraiva M. J. M., Birken S., Costa P. P., and Goodman D. S. (1984)J. Clin. Invest. 74, 104–119.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Dwulet F. E. and Benson M. D. (1983)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 114, 657–662.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Tawara S., Nakazato M., Kangawa K., Matsuo H., and Araki S. (1983)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 116, 880–888.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Skare J. C., Yazici H., Erken E., Dede H., Cohen A., Milunsky A., and Skinner M. (1990)Hum. Genet. 86, 89–90.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Jones L. A., Skare J. C., Cohen A. S., Harding J. A., Milunsky A., and Skinner M. (1992)Clin. Genet. 41, 70–73.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Nakazato M., Ikeda S., Shiomi K., Matsukura S., Yoshida K., Shimizu H., Atsumi T., Kangawa K., and Matsuo H. (1992)Fed. Eur. Biochem. Soc. 306, 206–208.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Nakazato M., Kangawa K., Minamino N., Tawara S., Matsuo H., and Araki S. (1984)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 123, 921–928.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Harding J., Skare J., and Skinner M. (1991)Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1097, 183–186.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Jones L. A., Skare J. C., Harding J. A., Cohen A. S., Milunsky A., and Skinner M. (1991)Am. J. Hum. Genet. 48, 979–982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Ueno S., Uemichi T., Takahashi N., Soga S., Yorifuji S., and Tarui S. (1990)VIth International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Oslo, Norway, 135 A.

  85. Saraiva M. J. M., Almeida M. R., Sherman W., Gawinowicz M. A., Costa P., Costa P. P., and Goodman D. S. (1992)Am. J. Hum. Genet. 50, 1027–1030.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Jacobson D. R., Gertz M. A., kane I., and Buxbaum J. N. (1993) inProceedings of VII International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Ontario, Canada, p. 127.

  87. Murakami T., Maeda S., Yi S., Ikegawa S., Kawashima E., Onodera S., Shimada K., and Araki S. (1992)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 182, 520–526.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Ferlini A., Salvi F., Patrosso C., Fini S., Vezzoni P., and Forabosco A. (1993)J. Rheumology 20, 187.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Booth D. R., Soutar A. K., Hawkins P. N., and Pepys M. B. (1993) inProceedings of VII International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Ontario, Canada, p. 123.

  90. Almeida M. R., Gawinowicz M., Costa P. P., Salvi F., Ferlini A., Plasmati R., Tassinari C., and Saraiva M. J. (1990) inVIth International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Oslo, Norway, 127A.

  91. Saeki Y., Ueuo S., Takahashi N., Soga F., and Yanagihara T. (1992)FEBS Lett. 308, 35–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Jacobson D. R., McFarlin D. E., Kane I., and Buxbaum J. N. (1992)Hum. Genet. 89, 353–356.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Nichols W. C., Liepnieks J. J., McKusick V. A., and Benson M. D. (1989)Genomics 5, 535–540.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Saeki Y., Ueno S., Yorifuji S., Sugiyama Y., Ide Y., and Matsuzawa Y. (1991)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 180, 380–385.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Wallace M. R., Dwulet F. E., Conneally P. M., and Benson M. D. (1986)J. Clin. Invest. 78, 6–12.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Almedia M., Ferlini A., Forabosco A., Gavinowicz M., Costa P., Salvi F., Plasmati R., Tassinari C., Altand K., and Saraiva M. (1993)J. Rheumotol. 20, 189.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Zeldenrust S., Skinner M., Harding J., Skare J., and Benson M. (1993)J. Rheumotol. 20, 188.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Izumoto S., Martone R., Youngh D., Hays A., and Herbert J. (1993)J. Rheumotol. 20, 188.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Benson M., Turpin J., Locotte G., Zeldenrust S., and Benson M. (1993)J. Rheumotol. 20, 188.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Wallace M. R., Dwulet F. E., Williams E. C., Conneally P. M., and Benson M. D. (1988)J. Clin. Invest. 81, 189–193.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Dwulet F. E. and Benson M. D. (1986)J. Clin. Invest. 78, 880–886.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Skinner M., Harding J., Skare I., Jones L. A., Cohen A. S., Milunsky A., and Skare J. (1992)Opthalmology 99, 503–508.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Alves I. L., Almeida M. R., Skare J., Skinner M., Kurose K., Sakaki Y., Costa P. P., and Saraiva M. J. (1992)Clin. Genetics 42, 27–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Uemichi T. and Benson M. D. (1993) inVII International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Ontario, Canada, p. 91.

  105. Nordlie M., Sletten K., Husby G., and Ranlov P. J. (1988)Scand. J. Immunol. 27, 119–122.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Gorevic P. D., Prelli F. C., Wright J., Pras M., and Frangione B. (1989)J. Clin. Invest. 83, 836–843.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Jacobson D. R. and Buxbaum J. N. (1993)J. Rheumatol. 20, 178.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Coelho T., Carvalho M., Saraiva M. J., Alves I., Almeida M. R., and Costa P. P. (1993)J. Rheumatol. 20, 179.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Skare J. C., Jones L. A., Myle S. N., Kane K., Cohen A. S., Milunsky A., and Skinner M. (1993)Proceedings of VII International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Ontario, Canada, p. 101.

  110. Skare J. C., Jones L. A., Myles N., Kane K., Cohen A. S., Milunsky A., and Skinner M. (1993) inProceedings of the VII International Symposium on Amyloidosis, Ontario, Canada, p. 101.

  111. Smith P. P. L., Hutchins G. M., Moore G. W., and Humphrey R. L. (1979)Am. J. Med. 66, 96–104.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Westermark P., Johansson B., and Natvig J. B. (1979)Scand. J. Immunol. 10, 303–308.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Pitkanen P., Westermark P., and Cornwell G. G. (1984)Am. J. Pathol. 117, 391–399.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Olson L. J., Gertz M. A., Edwards W. D., Li C-Y., Pellikka P. A., Holmes D. R., Tajik A. J., and Kyle R. A. (1987)N. Engl. J. Med. 317, 738–742.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Jacobson D. R., Gorevic P. D., and Buxbaum J. N. (1990)Am. J. Hum. Genet. 47, 127–136.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Thylen C., Wahlqvist J., Haettner E., Sandgren O., Holmgren G., and Lundren E. (1993)EMBO J. 12, 743–748.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Nichols W. C., Dwulet F. E., Liepnieks J., and Benson M. D. (1988)Biochem. Biophys. Commun. 156, 762–768.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Meretoja J. (1969)Ann. Clin. Res. 1, 314–324.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Haltia M., Prelli F., Ghiso J., Kiuru S., Somer H., Palo J., and Frangione B. (1990)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 167, 927–932.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Maury C., Alli K., and Baumann M. (1990)FEBS Lett. 260, 85–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Stossel T. P., Chaponnier C., Ezzell R. M., Hartwig J. H., Janmey P. A., Kwiatkowsky D. J., Lind S. E., Smith D. B., Southwick F. S., Yin H. L., and Zaner K. S. (1985)Ann. Rev. Cell. Biol. 1, 353–402.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Ghiso J., Haltia M., Prelli F., Novello J., and Frangione B. (1990)Biochem. J. 272, 827–830.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Levy E., Haltia M., Fernandez-Madrid I., Koivunen O., Ghiso J., Prelli F., and Frangione B. (1990)J. Exp. Med. 172, 1865–1867.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. dela Chapelle A., Tolvanen R., Boysen G., Santavy J., Bleeker-Wagemakers L., Maury C. P. J., and Kere J. (1992)Nature Genetics 2, 157–160.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Hill C. S., Ibanez M. I., Samaan N. A., Ahearn M. J., and Clark R. L. (1973)Medicine 52, 141–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. Sletten K., Westermark P., and Natvig J. B. (1976)J. Exp. Med. 143, 993–998.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Westermark P., Wernstedt C., O’Brien T. D., Hayden D. W., and Johnson K. H. (1987)Am. J. Pathol. 127, 414–417.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Johnson K. H., O’Brien T. D., Betsholtz C., and Westermark P. (1989)N. Engl. J. Med. 321, 513–518.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Nishi H., Sanke T., Nagamatsu S., Bell G. I., and Steiner D. F. (1990)J. Biol. Chem. 265, 4173–4176.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Johansson B., Wernstedt C., and Westermark P. (1987)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 48, 1087–1092.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  131. Katzman R. (1986)N. Engl. J. Med. 314, 964–973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Selkoe D. J., Ihara Y., Abraham C., Rasool C. G., and McCluskey A. A. (1983) inBiological Aspects of Alzheimer’s Disease (Katzman R., ed.), Banbury Report 15, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, pp. 125–135.

  133. Wisniewski H. M., Narang H. K., and Terry R. D. (1976)J. Neurol. Sci. 27, 173–178.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Merz P. A., Wisniewski H. M., Somerville R. A., Bobin S. A., Masters C. L., and Iqbal K. (1983)Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.) 60, 113–124.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Terry R. D., Gonatas N. K., and Weiss M. (1964)Am. J. Pathol. 44, 269–281.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Tagliavini F., Giaccone G., Frangione B., and Bugiani O. (1988)Neurosci. Lett. 93, 191–196.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Probst A., Brunnschweiler H., Lautenschlager C., and Ulrich J. (1987)Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.) 74, 133–141.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Yamaguchi H., Hirai S., Morimatsu M., Shoji M., and Ihara Y. (1988)Acta Neuropathol. 76, 541–549.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Miyakawa T., Katsuragi S., Yamashita K., and Ohuchi K. (1992)Acta Neuropathol. 83, 340–346.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Ikeda S., Allsop D., and Glenner G. G. (1989)Lab. Invest. 60, 113–122.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Glenner G. G., Henry J. H., and Fujihara S. (1981)Ann. Pathol. 1, 120–129.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Mandybur T. I. (1986)J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 45, 79–90.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Perlmutter L. S. and Chui H. C. (1990)Brain Res. Bull. 24, 677–686.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Glenner G. G. and Wong C. S. (1984)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 120, 885–890.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Selkoe D. J., Abraham C. R., Podlishny M. B., and Duffy L. K. (1986)J. Neurochem. 146, 1820–1834.

    Google Scholar 

  146. Masters C. L., Simms, G., Weinman, N. A., Multhaup G., McDonald B. L., and Beyreuther K. (1985)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 4245–4249.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Prelli F., Castano E. M., Glenner G. G., and Frangione B. (1988)J. Neurochem. 51, 648–651.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Miller D. L., Papayannopoulos I. A., Styles J., Bobin S. A., Lin Y. Y., Biemann K., and Iqbal K. (1993)Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 301, 41–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Wisniewski T., Ghiso J., and Frangione B. (1993)Neurobiol. Aging, in press.

  150. Glenner G. G. and Wong C. W. (1984)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 122, 1131–1135.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Vinters H. V. (1987)Stroke 18, 311–324.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Wattendorff A. R., Bots G. T. A. M., Went L. N., and Endtz L. J. (1982)J. Neurol. Sci. 55, 121–135.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Gilles C., Brucher J. M., Khoubesserian P., and Vanderhaeghen J. J. (1984)Neurology 34, 730–735.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Lee S-S. and Stemmermann G. N. (1978)Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 102, 317–321.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Torack R. M. (1983)Med. Hypotheses 11, 269–276.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Coria F., Castano E. M., and Frangione B. (1987)Am. J. Pathol. 129, 422–428.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Coria F., Prelli F., Castano E. M., Larrondo-Lillo M., Fernandez-Gonzalez J., vanDuinen S. G., Bots G. T. A. M., Luyendijk W., Shelanski M. L., and Frangione B. (1988)Brain Res. 463, 187–191.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Kang J., Lemaire H. G., Unterbeck A., Salbaum J. M., Masters C. L., Grzeschik K. H., Malthaup G., Beyreuther K., and Muller-Hill B. (1987)Nature 325, 733–736.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Tanzi R. E., Gusella J. F., Watkins P. C., Bruns G. A. P., St George-Hyslop P., Van Keuren M. L., Patterson D., Pagan S., Kurnit D. M., and Neve R. L. (1987)Science 235, 880–884.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Goldgaber D., Lerman M. I., McBride O. W., Saffiotti U., and Gajdusek D. C. (1987)Science 235, 877–880.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Robakis N. K., Ramakrishna N., Wolfe G., and Wisniewski H. M. (1987)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 4190–4194.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Ponte P., Gonzales-DeWhitt P., Schilling J., Miller J., Hsu D., Greenburg B., Davis K., Wallace W., Lieberburg I., Fuller F., and Cordell B. (1988)Nature 331, 525–527.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Kitaguchi N., Takahashi Y., Tokushima Y., Shiojuiri S., and Ito H. (1988)Nature 331, 530–532.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Tanzi R. E., McClatchy A. I., Lamperti E. D., Villa-Kornaroff L., Gusella J. F., and Neve R. L. (1988)Nature 331, 528–530.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Golde T. E., Estus S., Usiak M., Younkin L. H., and Younkin S. G. (1990)Neuron 4, 253–267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Jacobsen J. S., Muerkel H. A., Blume A. J., and Vitek M. P. (1991)Neurobiol Aging 12, 575–583.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Donnelly R. J., Rasool C. G., Bartus R., Vitek S., Blume A., and Vitek M. (1988)Neurobiol. Aging 9, 333–338.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. DeSauvage F. and Octave J. N. (1989)Science 245, 651–653.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Yoshikai S., Sasaki H., Doh-ura K., Furuya H., and Sakaki Y. (1990)Gene 87, 257–263.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Konig G., Monning U., Czech C., Prior R., Banati R., Schreiter-Gasser U., Bauer J., Masters C. L., and Beyreuther K. (1992)J. Biol. Chem. 267, 10,804–10,809.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Lemaire H. G., Salbaum J. M., Multhaup G., Kang J., Bayney R. M., Unterbeck A., Beyreuther K., and Muller-Hill B. (1989)Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 517–522.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Miyazaki K., Hasegama M., Funahashi K., and Umeda M. (1993)Nature 362, 839–841.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Esch F. S., Keim P. S., Beattie E. C., Blacker R. W., Culwell A. K., Oltersdorf T., McClure D., and Ward P. J. (1990)Science 248, 1122–1124.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Sisodia S. S., Koo E. H., Beyreuther K., Unterbeck A., and Price D. L. (1990)Science 248, 492–495.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Van Nostrand W. E., Schmaier A. H., Farrow J. S., and Cunningham D. D. (1990)Science 248, 745–748.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  176. Wang R., Meschia J. F., Cotter R. J., and Sisodia S. S. (1991)J. Biol. Chem. 266, 16,960–16,964.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Ramabhadran T. V., Gandy S. E., Ghiso J., Czernik A., Ferris D., Bhasin R., Goldgaber D., Frangione B., and Greengard P. (1993)J. Biol. Chem. 268, 2009–2012.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Shoji M., Golde T. E., Ghiso J., Cheung T. T., Estus S., Shaffer L. M., Cai, X-D, McKay D. M., Tintner R., Frangione B. and Younkin S. G. (1992)Science 248, 126–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  179. Haass C., Schlossmacher M. G., Hung A. Y., Vigo-Pelfrey C., Mellon A., Ostaszewski B. L., Lieberburg I., Koo E. H., Schenk D., Teplow D. B., and Selkoe D. J. (1992)Nature 359, 322–325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Seubert P., Vigo-Pelfrey C., Esch F., Lee M., Dovey H., Davis D., Sinha S., Schlossmacher M., Whaley J., Swindlehurst C., McCormack R., Wolfert R., Selkoe D., Lieberburg I., and Schenk D. (1992)Nature 359, 325–327.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Wisniewski H. M., Mehta P. D., Kim K. S., and Merz G. S. (1989) inBiological Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease (Boller F., Katzman R., Rascol A., Signoret J. L., and Christian Y., eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 23–29.

    Google Scholar 

  182. Busciglio J., Gabuzda D. H., Matsudaira P., and Yankner B. A. (1993)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 2092–2096.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Vigo-Pelfrey C., Lee D., Keim P., Lieberburg I., and Schenk D. B. (1993)J. Neurochem. 61, 1965–1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Askanas V., King E. U., and Alvarez R. B. (1992)Lancet 339, 560.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Luyendijk W., Bots G. T. A. M., Vegter-vander Vlis M., and Went L. N. (1986)Ned. Tijdschr. Geneeskd. 130, 1935–1940.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Haan J., Algra P. R., and Roos R. A. C. (1990)Arch. Neurol. 47, 649–653.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Van Duinen S. G., Castano E. M., Prelli F., Bots G. T. A. M., Luyendijk W., and Frangione B. (1987)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 5991–5994.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  188. Zlokovic B. V., Ghiso J., Mackic J. B., McComb J. G., Weiss M. H., and Frangione B. (1993)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197, 1034–1040.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Prelli F., Castano E. M., van Duinen S. G., Bots G. T. A. M., Luyendijk W., and Frangione B. (1988)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 151, 1150–1155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Prelli F., Levy E., van Duinen S. G., Bots G. T. A. M., Luyendijk W., and Frangione B. (1990)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 170, 301–307.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Levy E., Carman M. D., Fernandez-Madrid I., Lieberburg I., Power M. D., Van Duinen S. G., Bots G. T. A. M., Luyendijk W., and Frangione B. (1990)Science 248, 1124–1126.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. Barrow C. J., Yasuda A., Kenny P. T. M., and Zagorski M. G. (1992)J. Mol. Biol. 225, 1075–1093.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Burdick D., Soreghan B., Kwon M., Kosmoski J., Knauer M., Henschen A., Yates J., Cotman C., and Glabe C. (1992)J. Biol. Chem. 267, 546–554.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Castano E. M., Ghiso J., Prelli F., Gorevic P. D., Migheli A., and Frangione B. (1986)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 141, 782–785.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Hilbich C., Kisters-Woike B., Reed J., Masters C. L., Beyreuther K. (1992)J. Mol. Biol. 228, 460–473.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Kirschner D. A., Inouye H., Duffy L. K., Sinclair A., Linda M., and Selkoe D. J. (1987)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 6953–6957.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Rumble B., Retallack R., Hilbich C., Simms G., Multhaup G., Martins R., Hockey A., Montgomery P., Beyreuther K., and Masters C. L. (1989)N. Engl. J. Med. 320, 1446–1452.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. Cai X-D., Golde T. E., and Younkin S. G. (1993)Science 259, 514–516.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Fabian H., Szendrei G. I., Mantsch H. H., and Otvos L. (1993)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 191, 232–239.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. Wisniewski T., Ghiso J., and Frangione B. (1991)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 173, 1247–1254.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  201. Clements A., Walsh D. M., Williams C. H., and Allsop D. (1993)Neurosci. Lett. 161, 17–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Fraser P. E., Nguyen J. T., Inouye H., Surewicz W. K., Selkoe D. J., Podlisny M. B., and Kirschner D. A. (1992)Biochemistry 31, 10,716–10,723.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Frangione B., Wisniewski T., Tagliavini F., Bugiani O., and Ghiso J. (1993) inAlzheimer’s Disease: Advances in Clinical and Basic Research (Coran B., Iqbal K., Nicolini B., Winblad B., Wisniewski H., and Zatta P., eds.), Wiley, New York, pp. 387–396.

    Google Scholar 

  204. Mullan M., Crawford F., Axelman K., Houlden H., Lilius L., Winblad B., and Lannfelt L. (1992)Nature Genetics 1, 345–347.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Hendriks L., van Duin C. M., Cras P., Cruts M., van Hul W., van Harskamp F., Warren A., McInnis M. G., Antonarakis S. E., Martin J. J., Hofman A., and Van Broeckhoven C. (1992)Nature Genetics 1, 218–221.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Hardy J. (1992)Science 1, 233–234.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Carter D. A., Desmarais E., Bellis M., Campion D., Clerget-Darpoux F., Brice A., Agid Y., Jaillard-Serradt A., and Mallet J. (1992)Nature Genetics 2, 255–256.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Jones C. T., Morris S., Yates C. M., Moffoot A., Sharpe C., Brock D. J. H., and St Clair D. (1992)Nature Genetics 1, 306–310.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Goate A., Chartier-Harlin M. C., Mullan M., Brown J., Crawford F., Fidani L., Giuffra L., Haynes A., Irving N., James L., Mant R., Newton P., Rooke K., Roques P., Talbot C., Pericak-Vance M., Roses A., William R., Williamson R., Rossor M., Owen, M., and Hardy J. (1991)Nature 349, 704–706.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Murrell J., Farlow M., Ghetti B., and Benson M. D. (1991)Nature 254, 97–99.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Chartier-Harlin M. C., Crawford F., Houlden H., Warren A., Hughes D., Fidani L., Goate A., Rossor M., Roques P., Hardy J., and Mullan M. (1991)Nature 353, 844–846.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Schellenberg G. D., Bird T. D., Wijsman E. M., Orr H. T., Anderson L., Nemens E., White J. A., Bonnycastle L., Weber J. L., Alsonso E., Potter H., Heston L. L., and Martin G. M. (1992)Science 258, 668–671.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Van Broekhoven C., Backhovens H., Cruts M., DeWinter G., Bruyland M., Cras P., and Martin J. J. (1992)Nature Genetics 2, 335–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  214. Pericak-Vance M. A., Yamaoka, L. H., Haynes C. S., Speer M. C., Haines J. L., Gaskell P. C., Hung W. Y., Clark C. M., Heyman A. L., Trofatter J. A., et al. (1988)Exp. Neurol. 102, 271–279.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Mahley, R. W. (1988)Science 240, 622–630.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  216. Strittmatter, W. J., Saunders A. M., Schmechel, D., Pericak-Vance, M., Enghild J., Salvesen G. S., and Roses A. D. (1993)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 1977–1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Saunders A. M., Strittmatter W. J., Schmechel D., St. George-Hyslop P. H., Pericak-Vance M. A., Joo S. H., Rosi B. L., Gusella J. F., Crapper-MacLachlan D. R., Alberts M. J., Hulette C., et al. (1993)Neurology 43, 1467–1472.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Corder E. H., Saunders A. M., Strittmatter W. J., Schmechel D., Gaskell P., Small G. W., Roses A. D., Haines J. L., and Pericak-Vance, M. A. (1993)Science 261, 921–923.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Prelli F., Pras M., Sutrasburg S., and Frangione B. (1991)Scand. J. Immunol. 33, 783–786.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Wisniewski T., Goldabek A., Matsubara E., Ghiso J., and Frangione B. (1993)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 192, 359–365.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  221. Ghiso J., Matsubara E., Koudinov A., Wisniewski T., and Frangione B. (1993)Biochem. J. 293, 27–30.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Wisniewski T., Castano E., Ghiso J., and Frangione B. (1993)Ann. Neurol. 34, 631–633.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  223. Cohen D. H., Feiner H., Jensson O., and Frangione B. (1983)J. Exp. Med. 158, 623–628.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  224. Gudmundsson G., Hallgrimsson J., Jonasson T. A., and Bjarnason O. (1972)Brain 95, 387–404.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Benedikz E., Blondal H., and Gudmundsson G. (1990)Virchows Archiv. A 417, 325–331.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Ghiso J., Jensson O., and Frangione B. (1986)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 2974–2978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Ghiso J., Pons-Estel B., and Frangione B. (1986)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 136, 548–554.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Brzin J., Popovic T., Turk V., Bonchart V., and Machleidt W. (1984)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 118, 103–109.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Barret A., Davies M., and Grubb A. (1984)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 120, 631–636.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  230. Ghiso J., Cowan N., and Frangione B. (1988)Biol. Chem. Hoppe. Seyler 369(Suppl.) 205–208.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  231. Loefberg H., Grubb A., Sveger T., and Olsson J. (1980)J. Neurol. 223, 159–170.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  232. Grubb A., Jensson O., Gudmundsson G., Arnason A., Loefberg H., and Malm J. (1984)N. Engl. J. 311, 1547–1549.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. Levy E., Lopez-Otin C., Ghiso J., Geltner D., and Frangione B. (1989)J. Exp. Med. 169, 1771–1778.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Palsdottir A., Abrahamson M., Thorsteinsson L., Arnason A., Olafsson I., Grubb A., and Jensson O. (1988)Lancet II 603–604.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  235. Hsiao K. and Prusiner S. B. (1990)Neurology 40, 1820–1827.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  236. Prusiner S. B. (1989)Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 43, 345–374.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Prusiner S. B. (1982)Science 216, 136–144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  238. Kretzschmar H. A., Stowring L. E., Westaway D., Stubblebine W. H., Prusiner S. B., and DeArmond S. J. (1986)DNA 5, 315–324.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  239. Masters C. L., Gadusek D. C., and Gibbs C. J. (1981)Brain 104, 535–558.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. Masters C. L., Gadusek D. C., and Gibbs C. J. (1981)Brain 104, 559–588.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  241. Prusiner S. B. (1992)Biochemistry 31, 12,277–12,288.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  242. Hsiao K., Dlouhy S. R., Farlow M. R., Cass C., DaCosta M., Conneally P. M., Hodes M. E., Ghetti B., and Prusiner S. B. (1992)Nature Genetics 1, 68–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  243. Goldfarb L. G., Brown P., Haltia M., Ghiso J., Frangione B., and Gadusek D. C. (1993)Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 4451–4454.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  244. Prelli F., Pras M., Frangione B. (1987)Biochemistry 26, 8251–8256.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  245. Picken M. M., Larrondo-Lillo M., Coria F., Gallo G. R., Shelanski M. L., and Frangione B. (1990)J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 49, 41–48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  246. Fraser P. E., Nguyen J. T., McLachlan D. R., Abraham C. R., and Kirschner D. A. (1993)J. Neurochem. 61, 298–305.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  247. McCubbin W. D., Kay C. M., Narindrasorasak S., and Kisilevsky R. (1988)Biochem. J. 256, 775–783.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, 10016, New York, NY

    Jorge Ghiso & Blas Frangione

  2. Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, 10016, New York, NY

    Thomas Wisniewski

Authors
  1. Jorge Ghiso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Thomas Wisniewski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Blas Frangione
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ghiso, J., Wisniewski, T. & Frangione, B. Unifying features of systemic and cerebral amyloidosis. Mol Neurobiol 8, 49–64 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02778007

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02778007

Index Entries

Search

Navigation