Skip to main content
Log in

A general theory of the second quantization methods

  • Published:
Il Nuovo Cimento (1943-1954)

Summary

It is shown that the second quantization methods are a general mathematical technique applicable to formalisms involving linear equations of change, differential with respect to the time variable. The ordinary second quantization formalism for systems of bosons or fermions, and the « second quantization » of the classical theory developed by the author are obtained as particular cases of the general methods. There are several ways of applying the second quantization methods to the same linear problem, which lead to different formalisms. A very simple kind of second quantization is applied to the Schrödinger equation of an arbitrary mechanical system in order to develop a new treatment of the statistical quantum mechanics (the Gibbs second quantization). In this way a straightforward method of intioducing the Gibbs ensembles and grand ensembles is obtained. The entropy is discussed with the Gibbs second quantization. Some ergodic theorems of the genera] second quantization and the quantum mechanics are derived.

Riassunto

Si dimostra che i metodi di seconda quantizzazione sono un procedimento matematico generale applicable a quei formalismi in cui compaiono equazioni lineari di evoluzione, differenziali rispetto alla variabile temporale. Il commis foriralismo di seconda quantizzazione per sistemi di bosoni o fermioni, e la « seconda quantizzazione » della teoria classica sviluppata dall’autore si ottengono come casi particolari dei metodi generali. Esistono piu modi per applicare i metodi di seconda quantizzazione allo stesso problema lineare, modi che conducono a formalismi assai differenti. Si applica all’equazione di Schrödinger di un sistema meccanico arbitrario una forma semplicissima di seconda quantizzazione allo scopo di sviluppare un nuovo trattamento della meccanica quantica etatistica (la seconda quantizzazione di Gibbs). Cosi operando, si ottiene un metodo immediato per introdurre gliensembles di Gibbs e igrand ensembles. Si discute l’entropia con la seconda quantizzazione di Gibbs. Si derivano alcuni teoremi ergodici della seconda quantizzazione generale e della meccanica quantistica.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. P. A. M. Dirac:Troc. Roy. Soc, A114, 243 (1927).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. P. Jordan andO. Klein:Zeits. f. Phys.,45, 751 (1927).

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. P. Jordan andE. Wignfr:Zeits. f. Phys.,47, 631 (1928).

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. V. Fock:Zeits. f. Phys.,75, 522 (1932).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. P. Jordan:Zeits. f. Phys.,75, 648 (1932).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. M. Schönberg:Nuovo Cimento,9, 1139 (1952);10, 419 (1953).

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. V. Fock:Phys. Zeita. Sow. Un.,6, 428 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  8. V. Fock:Zeits. f. Fhys.,49, 339 (1928).

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. P. A. M. Dirac:Comm. Dub. Inst. f. Adv. Stud., A,1 (1943).

  10. M. Schönberg:Nuovo Cimento,10, 350 (1953).

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Born andH. S. Green:Proc. Roy. Soc., A192, 166 (1948).

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schönberg, M. A general theory of the second quantization methods. Nuovo Cim 10, 697–744 (1953). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02773031

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02773031

Navigation